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https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27432/critical-issues-in-transportation-for-2024-and-beyond

Bedingungen waehrend der Fahrt und Unfaelle von Fahranfaengern

Driving circumstances and accidents among novice drivers

Die Autoren praesentieren eine finnische Studie, bei der Fahrbedingungen und Unfaelle bei jungen (18-21 Jahre) und aelteren (25-59 Jahre) Fahranfaengern analysiert wurden. Im Durchschnitt war der Fuehrerschein 26 Monate alt. Die selbstberichteten Unfaelle der jungen Fahrer wurden mit Daten von toedlichen Unfaellen und ihren Umstaenden aus dem Zeitraum 1990-2000 verglichen. Junge Fahrer sind haeufiger mit Fahrzeuginsassen und/oder bei Nacht unterwegs als aeltere. Unfaelle zur Nachtzeit sind bei dieser Altersgruppe ueberproportional hoch, gemessen an ihrem Anteil am naechtlichen Verkehr. Unfaelle von jungen maennlichen Fahrern - nicht aber toedliche Unfaelle - sind sehr haeufig auf rutschige Strassenverhaeltnisse zurueckzufuehren, waehrend sich bei weiblichen jungen Fahranfaengern durch glatte Strassen auch die Zahl der toedlichen Verkehrsunfaelle erhoehte. Verschiedene Umstaende beim Fahren erhoehen bei einigen, aber nicht bei allen Fahrergruppen das Risiko gewisser Verkehrsunfaelle. Weniger schwere Unfaelle kommen haeufiger in verbauten Gebieten vor. Fuer die Risikoanalyse sollte auch stets die Unfallschwere beruecksichtigt werden, allerdings weisen die Autoren auch auf die wesentliche Rolle des Fahrverhaltens hin. Zur Gesamtaufnahme siehe ITRD D366241. (KfV/K) ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: Driving exposure and traffic accidents are connected. However, as exposure-related factors are difficult to study, there is a lack of knowledge about exposure of different driver groups. Especially the quality of driving exposure can seldom be taken into account when estimating the accident risk of different driver groups. Quality of driving exposure covers for example road type, driving area, road surface, time of day (lightness), and presence of passengers. Some studies suggest that driving is safer with passengers in the car compared to when driving alone. As for young drivers, however, the result has been found to be the opposite: their driving was more unsafe with passengers. There might also be other driving circumstances which increase the risk of an accident of some drivers but decrease the risk of other drivers. The study focused on that question. The study is based on the answers of 6.847 young (18-21 years) and 795 middle-aged (25-59 years) novice drivers on a survey conducted in Finland in 2002 and focusing on driving circumstances and accidents. The mean age of the respondents' driving license was 26 months. For young drivers, self-reported accidents were further compared to fatal accidents (n=645) in terms of the driving conditions in which they occurred. Data on fatal accidents related to the period 1990 to 2000. Driving with passengers and during evenings or at night was more typical for young drivers than for middle-aged drivers. Young drivers had more nighttime accidents than was the share of their nighttime driving. Slippery road conditions were over-represented in young male drivers' self-reported accidents, but not in their fatal accidents, whereas for young females slippery road conditions seemed to increase the propensity of fatal accidents. The study concluded that certain types of exposure increase the risk of certain types of accidents among certain driver groups, but not among all drivers. Minor (self-reported) accidents take place in different driving circumstances than fatal accidents. Minor motor vehicle accidents are typical in built-up areas, where fatal motor vehicle accidents are rare. Conclusions regarding accident risk should always take into account the seriousness of the accident. Although the study found that the driving conditions are connected to accident risk, the effect of external driving conditions on accident risk is always filtered by a driver's driving style. Therefore, the most crucial thing is not where, when and with whom you drive, but how you drive. (A)

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  • Authors:
    • LAAPOTTI, S
    • KESKINEN, E
    • HATAKKA, M
    • Hernetkoski, K
    • KATILA, A
    • PERAEAHO, M
    • SALO, I
  • Publication Date: 2009-11

Language

  • English

Media Info

  • Pagination: 31-7
  • Monograph Title: Fit zum Fahren. 4. Internationaler Verkehrsexperten-Kongress. Tallinn, 4.-5. Juni 2009. Tagungsband
  • Serial:

Subject/Index Terms

Filing Info

  • Accession Number: 01207790
  • Record Type: Publication
  • Source Agency: Kuratorium für Verkehrssicherheit (KfV)
  • ISBN: 978-3-7812-1772-0
  • Files: ITRD
  • Created Date: Oct 18 2010 12:57PM