A Safety Analysis and Verification Framework for Autonomous Vehicles Based on the Identification of Triggering Events

For high-level autonomous vehicles, under many circumstances, accidents are not caused by functional failures, but by system performance limitations and human misuses. ISO 21448 defines this kind of safety issue as safety of the intended functionality (SOTIF). However, most of SOTIF-related researches focus on hazard identification and risk evaluation, as well as verification and validation. There is still lack of public systematic identification method for triggering events. Therefore, this paper proposes an identification framework for triggering events which are related to system performance limitations and human misuses. In the aspect of system performance limitations, there are four steps, which are the specification of the research target, the analysis of influencing factors, the identification of triggering events, and the verification test. In the aspect of human misuses, triggering events can be identified based on the guide words for human error. Furthermore, based on the identification of triggering events, a safety analysis and verification framework for both high-level and low-level autonomous vehicles is proposed. The proposed framework contains five steps, which are hazard identification and risk evaluation, the identification of triggering events, the generation of test cases, test and results analysis, and the derivation of functional safety requirements. Besides, a SAE L3 autonomous vehicle is analyzed and corresponding tests are conducted. Two tests are illustrated in detail in this paper, which involve triggering events related to system performance limitations and human misuses, respectively. And the results show that the two triggering events could both lead to effective hazardous events, which proves the feasibility of the proposed framework.

• Record URL:
  https://doi.org/10.4271/2021-01-5010
• Availability:
  • Find a library where document is available. Order URL: http://worldcat.org/issn/01487191
• Supplemental Notes:
  • Abstract reprinted with permission of SAE International.
• Authors:
  • Huang, An
  • Xing, Xingyu
  • Zhou, Tangrui
  • Chen, Junyi
• Conference:
  • 2020 International Automotive Security, Safety and Testing Congress
  • Location: Shanghai
  • Date: 2020-11-10
• Publication Date: 2021-1-22

Language

• English

Media Info

• Media Type: Web
• Features: References;
• Serial:
  • SAE Technical Paper
  • Publisher: Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)
  • ISSN: 0148-7191
  • EISSN: 2688-3627
  • Serial URL: http://papers.sae.org/

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Crash causes; Crashes; Human error; Human factors; Intelligent vehicles; Safety analysis; Vehicle performance
• Subject Areas: Highways; Safety and Human Factors; Vehicles and Equipment;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 01774479
• Record Type: Publication
• Source Agency: SAE International
• Report/Paper Numbers: 2021-01-5010
• Files: TRIS, SAE
• Created Date: Jun 19 2021 6:00PM