Road Infrastructure Resilience During Natural and Man-Made Disasters
This research addresses the evaluation and optimization of availability and safety of road infrastructure during natural and man-made disasters by taking a resilience engineering approach. With the goal of predicting the infrastructure behavior during the presence of disasters a quantification of the resilience and the vulnerability of the road infrastructure is conducted on object level and on network level. For the analysis on network level, the road transportation system is represented by an abstract graph consisting of a set of nodes (intersections) and a set of links (connections between nodes). This representation allows a network analysis based on centrality measures from the mathematical field of graph theory, which are common in the analysis of social networks, and have also been applied to identify important nodes in transportation networks. In a GIS system the authors examine the effect of link failures on the centrality measures for the surrounding nodes giving an indication of how traffic is redistributed in the network. The authors subsequently use recorded traffic data and real world examples of past disruptions to validate the authors model comparing the calculations of the model with the recorded traffic data for the time periods before the disruption and after the disruption. The resilience analysis on object level is concerned with single infrastructure elements (e.g. bridges) and gives information concerning the availability and security of these elements. The introduced framework is designed as a consequence based framework and all-hazards can be considered with application of structural system analysis. The introduced analysis scheme is exemplary applied to evaluate bridge structures and a database analysis of German bridges gives insights into single resilience indicators. The generated information on object level is integrated into the network level analysis to examine the availability of certain traffic routes concerning the introduced network criteria. The final result is the development of a holistic resilience approach that quantifies and predicts the availability and security of road infrastructure in extreme events in order to identify future hot spots in the road network with the need for further action. In order to achieve an improvement in resilience, a holistic assessment of the road infrastructure is necessary regarding the ability to minimize damage caused by extreme natural and manmade events and to get the road network back into operation quickly after the event.
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Supplemental Notes:
- Abstract reprinted with permission of the World Road Association – PIARC.
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Corporate Authors:
World Road Association (PIARC)
La Grande Arche, Paroi Nord, Niveau 5
F-92055 La Defense Cedex, France -
Authors:
- Finger, J
- Fehling-Kaschek, M
- Fischer, K
- Stolz, A
- Anastassiadou, K
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Conference:
- 26th World Road Congress
- Location: Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates
- Date: 2019-10-6 to 2019-10-10
- Publication Date: 2019
Language
- English
Media Info
- Media Type: Digital/other
- Features: Figures; Tables;
- Pagination: 10p
- Monograph Title: Proceedings of the 26th World Road Congress - Abu Dhabi - 2019: Connecting Cultures - Enabling Economies
Subject/Index Terms
- TRT Terms: Bridges; Conceptual models; Disasters; Geographic information systems; Graph theory; Hazard mitigation; Highway maintenance; Highway safety; Infrastructure; Network nodes; Risk assessment; Traffic data; Transportation system management
- Subject Areas: Bridges and other structures; Environment; Highways; Maintenance and Preservation; Safety and Human Factors;
Filing Info
- Accession Number: 01763312
- Record Type: Publication
- Files: TRIS
- Created Date: Feb 3 2021 3:00PM