FIVE YEARS EXPERIENCE WITH THE FIRST DEEPWATER SALM

This paper describes the performance of the Tembungo Single Anchor Leg Mooring (SALM) tanker loading terminal during its first five years of operation. This facility, located in 300 ft (91 m) of water, 50 miles (93 km) offshore Sabah, East Malaysia, was the first SALM designed and constructed under commercial license agreement from Exxon Research and Engineering. The Tembungo SALM is one of the first "early production systems" and has been in continuous service since October 1974. It was designed to permanently moor a 94,00 DWT storage tanker in maximum wave heights of 39 ft (12 m), winds of 65 mph (29 m/s) and 2 kt (1 m/s) currents. The Tembungo SALM has performed very effectively since start-up. Operational efficiency rates of up to 98.6 percent on an annual basis have been achieved. A major factor in the high utilization of this terminal has been the absence of maintenance requirements on the SALM components. No maintenance has been required on the fluid swivel, chain swivel, universal joints or the anchor chain leg. Items such as pre-planning the annual inspection and maintenance program with the diving contractor and developing detailed procedurs for tanker change-out and for hose and hawser replacement were also important contributors towards maximizing operational efficiency. The primary and most important lesson vividly illustrated by the experience at Tembungo is that a simple, hawser-type SALM terminal can indeed provide very acceptable operational preformance for permanent tanker mooring in offshore environments such as those encourntered in East Malaysia.

• Supplemental Notes:
  • This paper was presented at the 12th Annual OTC in Houston, Texas, May 5-8, 1980.
• Corporate Authors:

  Offshore Technology Conference

  6200 North Central Expressway
  Dallas, TX  United States  45206
• Authors:
  • Gruy, R H
  • Kiely, W L
  • Pederson, K I
  • Wolfram, W R
  • Swan, R D
• Publication Date: 1980

Media Info

• Pagination: p. 99
• Serial:
  • Publication of: Offshore Technology Conference
  • Publisher: Offshore Technology Conference

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Anchoring; Deepwater harbors; Mooring; Moorings; Offshore moorings; Offshore terminals; Offshore transfer; Single point moorings; Tankers
• Old TRIS Terms: Offshore loading; Offshore mooring systems; Spm description and plans; Tanker moorings
• Subject Areas: Marine Transportation; Terminals and Facilities;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 00325763
• Record Type: Publication
• Source Agency: Offshore Technology Conference
• Report/Paper Numbers: Volume 3 Proceeding
• Files: TRIS
• Created Date: Mar 12 1981 12:00AM