ANALISIS DEL AGRIETAMIENTO EN CONCRETO A TRAVES DE LA TECNICA DE EMISIONES ACUSTICAS
En ingenieria civil, el concreto es uno de los materiales mas utilizados en la constitucion de sistemas estructurales diversos. Este es un material petreo y artificial, compuesto de agregados gruesos y finos, pasta cementante (cemento y agua) y ocasionalmente, aditivos. Las ventajas que ofrece su capacidad de moldeabilidad y adaptacion a las formas de la cimbra que lo contiene, permiten su empleo tanto en estructuras pequenas como de gran envergadura. Aunque el concreto requiere de elementos de refuerzo adicionales, que absorban los esfuerzos de tension debido a su poca capacidad resistente ante estos efectos, su uso extendido se debe ademas a la alta disponibilidad de sus materiales constitutivos. Los factores que contribuyen al deterioro de este material, asociados a la carga y a condiciones ambientales se clasifican en efectos mecanicos, efectos fisicos, efectos quimicos y electroquimicos. En elementos de concreto, las fisuras se originan en los puntos mas debiles, ya que la heterogeneidad del material hace que la resistencia de cada seccion sea distinta, por esta razon, la progresiva microfisuracion se debe a concentraciones de esfuerzos normales de tension. En diversos estudios de seguimiento de deformaciones aunado a observaciones microscopicas en el concreto, muestran que la respuesta macroscopica del concreto ante esfuerzos, esta relacionada con la propagacion interna de microfisuras y su evolucion en el mismo. En el presente trabajo, se estudiaron las respuestas acusticas asociadas a los mecanismos de agrietamiento y deterioro en el concreto, a traves de la instrumentacion y monitoreo de 30 probetas de concreto simple sometidas a esfuerzos normales de flexion hasta su fractura final, encontrando que los procesos de microfisuracion en este material comienzan entre el 15 y 30% de la resistencia final de la resistencia final a la ruptura y estos se intensifican a partir del 75% de la resistencia final. Se analizo la evolucion de la energia acustica liberada durante el proceso de deterioro en el material y las correlaciones entre estos parametros y algunas caracteristicas fisicas de las superficies de falla en el mismo. Abstract: In civil engineering, concrete is one of the most used materials in the formation of various structural systems. Concrete is a combination between a stone and artificial material, it is composed by coarse and fine cementitious paste aggregates (cement and water) and occasionally additives. The advantages offered by its moldability and ability to adapt to the ways of the falsework allow its use in both small and major structures. Although concrete requires additional reinforcing elements, which absorb tensile forces due to the low capacity resistance of the concrete to these effects, their widespread use is also due to the high availability of its constituent materials. Factors contributing to the deterioration of this material, associated with the load and environmental conditions are classified in mechanical, physical, chemical and electrochemical effects. In concrete elements, cracks are originated from the weakest points, due to the heterogeneity of the material causes the resistance of each section is different, for this reason, the progressive microcracking is due to concentrations of normal tensile stress. Several studies of monitoring deformations and microscopic observations in concrete have shown that the macroscopic response of the concrete due to stress is related to the internal microcracks propagation and their evolution. In this paper, it was studied the acoustic responses associated with the mechanisms of cracking and deterioration in concrete, through the experimental tests and monitoring of 30 plain concrete specimens bring under normal bending stresses until a final fracture, results shown that the microcracking processes in this material begin between 15 and 30% of the ultimate rupture strength, and these were intensified from 75% to the end of the ultimate strength. Also it was analyzed the acoustic energy released evolution during the material deterioration process and the correlations between these parameters and some physical characteristics of the failure surfaces
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Availability:
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Authors:
- CRESPO SANCHEZ, S E
- MENDEZ GARCIA, A O
- CARRION VIRAMONTES, F J
- QUINTANA RODRIGUEZ, J A
- HERNANDEZ FIGUEROA, J A
- GASCA ZAMORA, H M
- TERAN GUILLEN, J
- Publication Date: 2016
Language
- Spanish
Media Info
- Media Type: Web
- Features: Bibliography; Figures;
- Pagination: vii+62p
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Serial:
- PUBLICACION TECNICA
- Issue Number: 479
- Publisher: Instituto Mexicano del Transporte
- ISSN: 0188-7297
Subject/Index Terms
- TRT Terms: Concrete; Cracking; Deterioration; Pollutants; Sound
- Geographic Terms: Mexico
- ITRD Terms: 6748: Acustica; 5211: Agrietamiento; 4755: Concreto; 5255: Deterioro; 2442: Emision; 8072: Mexico
- Subject Areas: I30: MATERIALES DE CONSTRUCCION; I32: HORMIGON;
Filing Info
- Accession Number: 01622408
- Record Type: Publication
- Source Agency: Instituto Mexicano del Transporte
- Files: ITRD
- Created Date: Jan 13 2017 4:28PM