Estimation of nitrogen oxides emissions from petrol and diesel passenger cars by means of on-board monitoring: Effect of vehicle speed, vehicle technology, engine type on emission rates

NOₓ emission rates of 13 petrol and 3 diesel passenger cars as a function of average speed from 10 to 120 km/h, emission class (pre-Euro 1 – Euro 5), engine type were investigated by on-board monitoring on roads and highways of St. Petersburg using a portative Testo XXL 300 gas analyzer. The highest level of NOₓ emission 0.5–2.5 g/km was inherent to old pre-Euro 1 petrol cars without a catalytic converter. NOₓ emissions rates of Euro 1 and Euro 2 petrol cars changed within 0.15–0.9 g/km, Euro 3 – 0.015–0.27 g/km, Euro 4 – 0.013–0.1 g/km, Euro 5 – 0.002–0.043 g/km. Euro 3 – Euro 4 petrol cars generally satisfied corresponding NOₓ Emission Standards (ES), except cold-start period, Euro 5 petrol cars did not exceed ES. Warmed, stabilized engines of Euro 3 – Euro 5 petrol cars showed 5–10 times lower NOₓ emission rates than corresponding ES in the range of speed from 20 to 90 km/h. NOₓ emission rates of diesel Euro 3 and Euro 4 cars varied from 0.45 to 1.1 g/km and from 0.31 to 1.1 g/km, respectively. Two examined diesel Euro 3 and one Euro 4 passenger vehicles did not satisfy NOₓ ES at real use. Euro 3 diesel cars showed 28.9 times higher NOₓ emissions than Euro 3 petrol cars and Euro 4 diesel car demonstrated 17.6 times higher NOₓ emissions than Euro 4 petrol cars at warmed and stabilized engine at a cruise speed ranging from 30 to 60 km/h.

• Record URL:
  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2016.06.008
• Record URL:
  http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361920916303418
• Availability:
  • Find a library where document is available. Order URL: http://worldcat.org/issn/13619209
• Supplemental Notes:
  • Abstract reprinted with permission of Elsevier.
• Authors:
  • Lozhkina, Olga V
  • Lozhkin, Vladimir N
• Publication Date: 2016-8

Language

• English

Media Info

• Media Type: Web
• Features: Figures; References; Tables;
• Pagination: pp 251-264
• Serial:
  • Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment
  • Volume: 47
  • Publisher: Elsevier
  • ISSN: 1361-9209
  • Serial URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13619209

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Air pollution; Diesel engine exhaust gases; Estimation theory; Exhaust gases; Monitoring; Nitrogen oxides; Private passenger vehicles; Speed
• Uncontrolled Terms: Onboard monitoring
• Subject Areas: Energy; Environment; Highways; Vehicles and Equipment;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 01608753
• Record Type: Publication
• Files: TRIS
• Created Date: Aug 29 2016 11:12AM