Spatial Modeling of Sensitivity of On-Street Parking Occupancy to Price Change
Adjustment of parking price has long been considered an effective way to control parking demand. The sensitivity of parking occupancy to price change could be affected by spatial factors. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the spatial heterogeneity in the price elasticity of on-street parking demand using data obtained in downtown San Francisco between 2011 and 2014. The performance-based pricing implemented in the study area allows parking rate to increase, decrease or unchanged in neighborhoods with occupancy level higher than, lower than, or within the desired level. The relationship between change in occupancy and change in parking rate is explored. The geographically weighted regression (GWR) method was used to capture the spatial heterogeneity in the price elasticity in different blocks. The results showed that there is a significant negative correlation between occupancy change and parking rate change. The price elasticity of on-street parking demand has an obvious trend of spatial variation. By capturing the spatial heterogeneity in the dataset, the GWR model achieved higher prediction accuracy than a global model. Variables including time of day, block-level features, and socio-demographic characteristics are also correlated with occupancy change. Based on the GWR outputs, a generalized linear model was estimated to further identify how various factors affect price elasticity in different block areas. Findings of this study can help identify which block is suitable for balancing parking demand and supply by adjusting price and designing optimal parking rates in different block sections to achieve the desired on-street parking occupancy level.
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Supplemental Notes:
- This paper was sponsored by TRB committee ABJ30 Standing Committee on Urban Transportation Data and Information Systems.
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Corporate Authors:
500 Fifth Street, NW
Washington, DC United States 20001 -
Authors:
- Pu, Ziyuan
- Li, Zhibin
- Ash, John
- Zhu, Wenbo
- Wang, Yinhai
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Conference:
- Transportation Research Board 95th Annual Meeting
- Location: Washington DC, United States
- Date: 2016-1-10 to 2016-1-14
- Date: 2016
Language
- English
Media Info
- Media Type: Digital/other
- Features: Figures; References; Tables;
- Pagination: 17p
- Monograph Title: TRB 95th Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers
Subject/Index Terms
- TRT Terms: Elasticity (Economics); On street parking; Parking demand; Pricing; Rates; Spatial analysis
- Geographic Terms: San Francisco (California)
- Subject Areas: Data and Information Technology; Highways; I72: Traffic and Transport Planning;
Filing Info
- Accession Number: 01590586
- Record Type: Publication
- Report/Paper Numbers: 16-4824
- Files: TRIS, TRB, ATRI
- Created Date: Feb 18 2016 5:04PM