Using Wizard of Oz Technique to Evaluate Connected Vehicles: Distracted Driver Performance to Multiple Alerts in a Multiple-Conflict Scenario
This paper presents insights gained from testing Connected-Vehicle Collision Avoidance System (CAS) applications using a Wizard-of-Oz technique. The study investigated whether CASs should present individual crash alerts in a multiple conflict scenario, or only present one alert in response to the first conflict and suppress subsequent alerts. Fifty-one participants followed a lead truck around a test-track while driving an instrumented vehicle. Once visually distracted, a trailing confederate vehicle repositioned itself into the participant vehicle’s blind spot and a cardboard box was also simultaneously dropped from the lead truck. Participants received a Forward Collision Warning (FCW) alert as the box landed on the road. Twenty six drivers swerved left in response to the box, encountering a lateral conflict with the adjacent confederate vehicle. Half of these drivers also received a Lane Change Warning (LCW) alert once they began to steer left. The FCW and LCW alerts were generated using the Wizard-of-Oz technique. It was found that drivers that received both the FCW and LCW alerts were significantly faster at steering away from the lateral crash threat than the drivers that only received the FCW alert (1.70 s vs. 2.76 s, respectively). Drivers liked receiving the LCW alert, rated it to be useful, found it easy to understand (despite being presented after the FCW alert), and did not find it to be startling. The results suggest that drivers that are familiar with CASs benefit from, and feel it is appropriate to generate, multiple alerts in a multiple conflict scenario. The results are expected to inform the design of CASs for connected vehicles. The methods devised in this study can also be used to evaluate connected vehicle and automated vehicle systems.
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Supplemental Notes:
- This paper was sponsored by TRB committee AHB15 Intelligent Transportation Systems. Alternate title: Using Wizard of Oz Technique to Evaluate Connected Vehicles: Distracted Driver Performance to Multiple Alerts in a Multiple-Conflict Scenario
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Corporate Authors:
500 Fifth Street, NW
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Authors:
- Fitch, Gregory M
- Bowman, Darrell S
- Llaneras, Eddy
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Conference:
- Transportation Research Board 93rd Annual Meeting
- Location: Washington DC
- Date: 2014-1-12 to 2014-1-16
- Date: 2014
Language
- English
Media Info
- Media Type: Digital/other
- Features: Figures; References;
- Pagination: 11p
- Monograph Title: TRB 93rd Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers
Subject/Index Terms
- TRT Terms: Audible warning devices in vehicles; Automated vehicle control; Crash avoidance systems; Distraction; Driver performance; Lane changing; Mobile communication systems; Traffic safety; Vehicle design
- Uncontrolled Terms: Alerts; Forward collision warning
- Subject Areas: Design; Highways; Safety and Human Factors; Vehicles and Equipment; I83: Accidents and the Human Factor; I91: Vehicle Design and Safety;
Filing Info
- Accession Number: 01519693
- Record Type: Publication
- Report/Paper Numbers: 14-2166
- Files: TRIS, TRB, ATRI
- Created Date: Mar 26 2014 10:07AM