Evidence of Convective Instability in Congested Traffic Flow: A Systematic Empirical and Theoretical Investigation

An extended open system such as traffic flow is said to be convectively unstable if perturbations of the stationary state grow but propagate in only one direction, so they eventually leave the system. By means of data analysis, simulations, and analytical calculations, the authors give evidence that this concept is relevant for instabilities of congested traffic flow. The authors analyze detector data from several hundred traffic jams and propose estimates for the linear growth rate, the wavelength, the propagation velocity, and the severity of the associated bottleneck that can be evaluated semi-automatically. Scatter plots of these quantities reveal systematic dependencies. On the theoretical side, the authors derive, for a wide class of microscopic and macroscopic traffic models, analytical criteria for convective and absolute linear instabilities. Based on the relative positions of the stability limits in the fundamental diagram, the authors divide these models into five stability classes which uniquely determine the set of possible elementary spatiotemporal patterns in open systems with a bottleneck. Only two classes, both dominated by convective instabilities, are compatible with observations. By means of approximate solutions of convectively unstable systems with sustained localized noise, the authors show that the observed spatiotemporal phenomena can also be described analytically. The parameters of the analytical expressions can be inferred from observations, and also (analytically) derived from the model equations.

• Record URL:
  http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B9853-52X1TRD-1-1&_cdi=59087&_user=10&_pii=S1877042811010986&_origin=browse&_zone=rslt_list_item&_coverDate=12%2F31%2F2011&_sk=999829999&wchp=dGLzVlz-zSkWW&md5=be165d28ff5bedd013e5bee42854e3fa&ie=/sdarticle.pdf
• 
• Availability:
  • Find a library where document is available. Order URL: http://worldcat.org/issn/18770428
• Supplemental Notes:
  • Abstract reprinted with permission from Elsevier.
• Authors:
  • Treiber, Martin
  • Kesting, Arne
• Conference:
  • 19th International Symposium on Transportation and Traffic Theory
  • Location: Berkeley CA, United States
  • Date: 2011-7-18 to 2011-7-20
• Publication Date: 2011

Language

• English

Media Info

• Media Type: Web
• Features: Figures; References;
• Pagination: pp 698-716
• Monograph Title: International Symposium on Transportation and Traffic Theory, 19th
• Serial:
  • Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences
  • Volume: 17
  • Publisher: Elsevier
  • ISSN: 1877-0428
  • Serial URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/18770428/53
• Publication flags:

  Open Access (libre)

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Bottlenecks; Empirical methods; Traffic congestion; Traffic data; Traffic flow; Traffic models; Vehicle detectors
• Uncontrolled Terms: Fundamental diagram; Spatiotemporal models; Traffic oscillations
• Subject Areas: Highways; Operations and Traffic Management; Planning and Forecasting; I72: Traffic and Transport Planning;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 01345340
• Record Type: Publication
• Files: TRIS
• Created Date: Jul 21 2011 10:08AM