IDENTIFICATION OF COARSE AGGREGATES THAT UNDERGO DESTRUCTIVE VOLUME CHANGES WHEN FROZEN IN CONCRETE

A QUICK TEST METHOD WAS DEVELOPED TO DISTINGUISH DELETERIOUS PARTICLES IN AGGREGATE AND PREDICT THEIR BEHAVIOR IN CONCRETE SUBJECT TO FREEZING AND THAWING. THIRTY-TWO DIFFERENT CONCRETES WERE USED TO FABRICATE A TOTAL OF 281, 3- BY 3- BY 16- IN. SPECIMENS. THE FOLLOWING EIGHT COARSE AGGREGATES WERE USED' /1/ A HIGH QUALITY QUARTZITE GRAVEL FROM THE EASTERN PIEDMONT REGION WHICH IS A A HARD DURABLE AGGREGATE WITH AN EXCELLENT FIELD PERFORMANCE RECORD, /2/ A HIGH QUALITY TRAP ROCK CRUSHED STONE FROM THE THE EASTERN UNITED STATES, /3/ A CRUSHED LIMESTONE HAVING A KNOWN FIELD PERFORMANCE FROM SOUTHEASTERN CANADA, /4/ A GRAVEL OF VERY HETEROGENEOUS COMPOSITION FROM A RIVER TERRACE OF THE GLACIATED MIDWEST, /5/ A BLAST FURNACE SLAG FROM THE EASTERN UNITED STATES, /6/ A MIDWESTERN RIVER GRAVEL, COMPOSED MOSTLY OF CHERT, HAVING A POOR FIELD PERFORMANCE RECORD, /7/ A CHERT GRAVEL FROM THE OHIO RIVER HAVING AN EXTREMELY POOR FIELD PERFORMANCE RECORD, AND /8/ A REJECT MIDWESTERN GLACIAL GRAVEL WHICH FLOATED IN A COMMERCIAL HEAVY MEDIA PLANT OPERATING AT A MEDIA GRAVITY OF 2.55. ALL CONCRETE MIXES WERE DESIGNED USING A BLEND OF THREE BRANDS OF LOW ALKALI TYPE I CEMENT, A CEMENT FACTOR OF 5.5 SK/CU YD, AND AIR CONTENT OF 5.5 PERCENT, AND SUFFICIENT WATER TO OBTAIN A 3-IN. SLUMP. A SINGLE HIGH QUALITY QUARTZITE SAND WAS USED THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE PROJECT. ALL COARSE AGGREGATES WERE VACUM SATURATED AND ALL SPECIMENS WERE CURED IN LIME WATER FOR 13 DAYS. THE SPECIMENS WERE MEASURED FOR LENGTH, WEIGHT, AND DYNAMIC MODULUS AT THE END OF SPECIFIED NUMBERS OF CYCLES. LENGTH CHANGE MEASUREMENTS WERE MADE WITH A WHITTEMORE STRAIN GAGE AT APPROXIMATELY 2-DEGREE INTERVALS DURING MOST OF THE INITIAL FREEZING-AND-THAWING CYCLE AS WELL AS DURING SEVERAL OTHER CYCLES. THE FREEZING RATE WAS APPROXIMATELY 20F/HR. FROM THE DATA OBTAINED, CORRELATIONS WERE MADE BETWEEN CONCRETE DURABILITY AS MEASURED BY DYNAMIC MODULUS AND CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TEMPERATURE VS. LENGTH CHANGE CURVE.

• Record URL:
  http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/hrr/1966/120/120-001.pdf
• Supplemental Notes:
  • Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the Transportation Research Board of the National Academy of Sciences. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
• Authors:
  • Walker, Richard D
• Discussers:
  • Tremper, Bailey
  • Walker, R D
• Publication Date: 1966

Media Info

• Media Type: Digital/other
• Features: Figures; References; Tables;
• Pagination: pp 1-6
• Monograph Title: Aggregate characteristics and examination
• Serial:
  • Highway Research Record
  • Issue Number: 120
  • Publisher: Highway Research Board

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Alkalinity; Behavior; Blast furnaces; Cement; Cherts; Coarse aggregates; Concrete; Concrete curing; Crushed limestone; Crushed rock; Deleterious materials; Development; Durability; Dynamic modulus of elasticity; Forecasting; Freeze thaw durability; Gravel; Percent saturation; Quartz; Quartzite; Sand; Slag; Test procedures; Till; Trap rock; Vacuum; Volume changes
• Uncontrolled Terms: Low alkali cement
• Old TRIS Terms: Freezing thawing effects; Glacial deposits; Quartz gravels
• Subject Areas: Geotechnology; Highways;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 00217442
• Record Type: Publication
• Files: TRIS, TRB
• Created Date: Nov 18 1994 12:00AM