THE BURNING PROCESS IN THE CEMENT INDUSTRY
IN RECENT YEARS A NUMBER OF VERY HIGH-CAPACITY KILN INSTALLATIONS HAVE BEEN BUILT. THE LARGEST WET-PROCESS KILN IS OWNED BY THE DUNDEE CEMENT CO. HEAT EXCHANGER KILNS WITH CAPACITIES OF MORE THAN 3000 TONS PER DAY ARE ALSO UNDER CONSTRUCTION. THE WET PROCESS IS LARGELY BEING SUPERSEDED BY THE DRY PROCESS, EXCEPT IN THE U.S.A. AND U.S.S.R., BECAUSE IN THOSE COUNTRIES FUEL PRICES ARE LOWER THAN IN EUROPE. THE SPECIFIC HEAT REQUIREMENT IS A FUNCTION OF THE KILN SIZE AND LOADING AND CAN THEREFORE NOT BE SIGNIFICANTLY INFLUENCED BY THE KILN MANUFACTURER, INASMUCH AS THE FORMATION OF COATING, THE EXIT GAS TEMPERATURES AND THE EFFICIENCY OF THE COOLER ARE THE DETERMINING FACTORS. THE UTILIZATION EFFICIENCY OF A KILN, WHICH DEPENDS ON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO FAULTS, IS OF GREATER ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE THAN A VERY LOW SPECIFIC HEAT CONSUMPTION ASCERTAINED IN PERFORMANCE TESTS. HEAT RECOVERY FROM THE CLINKER IS LIMITED BY THE THERMAL LOAD CAPACITY OF THE CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS OF THE KILN OUTLET AND THE COMPONENTS OF THE COOLER. IN THE CASE OF GRATE COOLERS THE EFFICIENCY IS AFFECTED BY THE GRADING, THE DEPTH AND THE UNIFORMITY OF THE BED. FOR LONG KILNS PLANETARY COOLERS ARE USED AGAIN, AS THEY ARE SIMPLER TO HANDLE FROM THE PROCESS ENGINEERING POINT OF VIEW, THEY REQUIRE A MORE ROBUST CONSTRUCTION OF THE BEARINGS AT THE OUTLET END OF THE KILN. BURNERS WITH SWIRLING MOTION OF THE PRIMARY AIR HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED FOR ROTARY KILNS. OIL AND COAL OR GAS AND OIL CAN BE BURNED SIMULTANEOUSLY IN CONTROLLABLE QUANTITIES. WITH A NEW NATURAL-GAS BURNER THE CLINKER THROUGH-PUT AND FUEL REQUIREMENT ARE SIMILAR TO THOSE ATTAINED WITH PULVERISED COAL FLAMES. /AUTHOR/
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Supplemental Notes:
- Vol 57, No 2, PP 73-80
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Authors:
- Frankenberger, R
- Publication Date: 1968-2
Media Info
- Serial:
Subject/Index Terms
- TRT Terms: Cement; Cement kilns; Cooling; Drying; Economic efficiency; Fuel consumption; Heat exchangers; Manufacturing; Ovens; Performance tests
- Uncontrolled Terms: Efficiency
- Old TRIS Terms: Coolers
- Subject Areas: Economics; Energy; Highways; Materials;
Filing Info
- Accession Number: 00212628
- Record Type: Publication
- Files: TRIS
- Created Date: Jul 22 1994 12:00AM