Synthesis report: examination of target vehicular crashes and potential ITS countermeasures

This report synthesizes the results of a preliminary analysis of nine major target crashes: (1) rear-end, (2) backing, (3) lane change and merge, (4) single vehicle roadway departure, (5) opposite direction, (6) signalized intersection, straight crossing path, (7) unsignalized intersection, straight crossing path, (8) left turn across path, and (9) reduced visibility. This report provides statistical descriptions of target crash sizes and characteristics, identifies crash subtypes and causal factors, defines intelligent transportation system (ITS) collision avoidance system (CAS) concepts, and includes a sample of kinematic models representing crash avoidance actions. A case-by-case examination of a sample of 1,183 crashes identified 18 crash subtypes and showed that driver recognition and driver decision errors were the primary causes of 44% and 23% of target crashes, respectively. The CAS concepts discussed in this report provide mechanisms of intervention in three basic categories: advisory, warning, and automatic control intervention. Crash avoidance actions are kinematically modeled as applied to target crash subtypes in terms of braking, steering, and holding course actions. This report concludes by highlighting key results of the analysis.

• Corporate Authors:

  United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)

  Washington, DC   
• Authors:
  • Najm, W
  • Mironer, M
  • Koziol, J
  • Wang, J -
  • Knipling, R R
• Publication Date: 1995-6

Language

• English

Media Info

• Pagination: 1 vol (various pagings)
• Serial:
  • Issue Number: DOT HS 808 263

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Advanced driver information systems; Advanced driver information systems; Advanced vehicle control systems; Advanced vehicle control systems; Crash analysis; Crash avoidance systems; Crash types; Driver performance; Intelligent transportation systems; Mathematical models; Traffic safety; Vehicle safety; Warning signals
• ATRI Terms: Advanced driver information systems (ADIS); Advanced vehicle control systems (AVCS); Crash analysis; Crash avoidance system; Crash countermeasure; Crash type; Driver performance; Intelligent transport systems (ITS); Modelling; Vehicle safety; Warning
• Subject Areas: Operations and Traffic Management;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 01398925
• Record Type: Publication
• Source Agency: ARRB
• Files: ITRD, ATRI, USDOT
• Created Date: Aug 23 2012 6:26PM