Bus-Stop Shelters - Improved Safety (Phases 1 and 2)

This research was undertaken to 1) design and construct a wall and basic subassembly of an emergency storm shelter comprised entirely of wood that could resist a “missile” (15 lb [6.8 kg], 12-ft [3.66 m] long 2x4 from FEMA 361 specifications) impact at 100 mph (161 km/h) (KEImpact = 3657 ft-lbs [4959 J]) or multiple impacts (not required by FEMA 361) at 80 mph (129 km/h) (KEImpact = 2340 ft-lbs [3173 J]); 2) study the difference in impact response for various specimen configurations, angles of impact, and support conditions; and 3) compare results for impact tests to static tests. Fifty-six impact tests were completed with the missile impacting the specimens at velocities between 63 mph and 116 mph (101 km/h and 187 km/h). High speed video was taken of many of these tests in which velocity at impact, deflection, and time of impact could be determined. Previous research suggested that the ultimate strength at a 0.001-second load duration could be as much as 165% of that at a 10-minute load duration. Although strength was not able to be measured in the impact tests, the kinetic impact energy absorbed by the specimen was able to be calculated. Additionally, three specimens were statically loaded for comparison with these tests. Specimen modifications to increase flexibility significantly increased the ability of the specimen tested to resist impact loading. This was done by constructing a thin, layered specimen to act like netting and adding a polystyrene backing between the specimen and the support system. Additionally, the specimens and their support systems under impact loading were able to withstand a kinetic impact energy 373% to 698% of energy stored at the elastic limit of the statically loaded systems and 250% to 570% of the energy stored in the statically loaded specimen at failure.

• Record URL:
  https://www.ugpti.org/resources/reports/details.php?id=660
• 
• Record URL:
  https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/18150
• Corporate Authors:

  Colorado State University, Fort Collins

  Fort Collins, CO  United States  80523

  Mountain-Plains Consortium

  North Dakota State University
  Fargo, ND  United States  58108
• Authors:
  • Turnbull-Grimes, Chris
  • Charlie, Wayne A
  • Gutkowski, Richard M
  • Balogh, Jeno
• Publication Date: 2010-7

Language

• English

Media Info

• Media Type: Digital/other
• Features: Appendices; Figures; Glossary; Photos; References; Tables;
• Pagination: 79p

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Bus stop shelters; Design; Disaster preparedness; Hurricanes; Impact loads; Impact tests; Kinetic energy; Safety; Static tests; Tornadoes
• Subject Areas: Public Transportation; Safety and Human Factors; Terminals and Facilities; I85: Safety Devices used in Transport Infrastructure;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 01167140
• Record Type: Publication
• Report/Paper Numbers: MPC Report No. 10-223
• Files: NTL, TRIS
• Created Date: Aug 31 2010 12:16PM