Whole-Body Kinematic and Dynamic Response of Restrained PMHS in Frontal Sled Tests

A wide range of isolated body region biomechanical response data is contained in the literature. A detailed description of whole-body loading response in crashes involving automobiles with contemporary restraints is lacking in validation data for human body computational models and frontal anthropomorphic test devices, however. The authors present data describing post mortem human surrogates (PMHS) in 14 frontal crash environment sled tests involving 4 test types: driver position using a force-limited 3-point belt and airbag restraint (FLB+AB) at 48 km/h, delta V; passenger position using FLB+AB restraint at 48 km/h, delta V; passenger position using a standard (not force limited) 3-point belt and air bag restraint (SB+AB) at 48 km/h, delta V; passenger position using SB at 29 km/h, delta V. Upper and lower chest deformation contours; knee, pelvis, upper spine, and head displacements relative to vehicle back; head angular rotation rate around the y-axis; and head, upper, middle, and lower spine, and pelvis x-axis and z-axis accelerations (SAE occupant reference frame) are among reported data. Identification of a variety of kinematic trends across different test conditions are given, including driver versus passenger position excursion nature change, and head and thorax excursion decrease. Passenger side FLB & AB tests resulted in greater peak thoracic (T8) x-axis accelerations (-29 g passenger side and -22 g driver's side) and comparable maximum chest deflection (driver's side -23±5.6% of undeformed chest depth; passenger's side -23±3.1%) compared to driver's side FLB+AB tests despite forward excursion increase. Force limiting belt system associated head excursion was approximately 15% greater than that for a standard belt system in 48 km/h passenger's side tests that were otherwise identical. An approximate 20% chest deflection decrease was seen with a force-limiting system. The 29 km/h passenger's side tests with standard (not force-limiting) 3-point belt restraints averaged a 16±5.6% maximum chest deflection despite test speed decrease as compared with 48 km/h FLB+AB driver's side average of 21±3.1%. In the 29 km/h passenger's side test, forward head excursion, which averaged 33±1.1 cm, was slightly higher than the 27±3.7 cm average in the 48 km/h driver's side test and lower than the 46±2.1 cm average SB+AB and 58±4.4 cm average of the FLB+AB 48 km/h passenger's side tests.

• Availability:
  • Find a library where document is available. Order URL: http://worldcat.org/isbn/139780768018295
• Authors:
  • Forman, Jason
  • Lessley, David
  • Kent, Richard W
  • Bostrom, Ola
  • Pipkorn, Bengt
• Conference:
  • 50th Stapp Car Crash Conference
  • Location: Dearborn Michigan, United States
  • Date: 2006-11-6 to 2006-11-8
• Publication Date: 2006-11

Language

• English

Media Info

• Media Type: Print
• Features: Appendices; Figures; Illustrations; Photos; References; Tables;
• Pagination: pp 299-336
• Serial:
  • Stapp Car Crash Journal
  • Volume: 50
  • Publisher: Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)
  • ISSN: 1532-8546
  • Serial URL: http://www.stapp.org/pubs.shtml

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Air bags; Cadavers; Crash injury research; Frontal crashes; Head; Kinematics; Knee; Pelvis; Seat belts; Sled tests; Spinal column; Thorax
• Uncontrolled Terms: Driver position; Occupant position
• Subject Areas: Highways; Research; Safety and Human Factors; Vehicles and Equipment; I83: Accidents and the Human Factor; I84: Personal Injuries; I91: Vehicle Design and Safety;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 01046243
• Record Type: Publication
• ISBN: 139780768018295
• Files: TRIS
• Created Date: Apr 19 2007 3:55PM