Incidence of Severe Upper Extremity Injuries and Minor Skin Injuries in Frontal Automobile Crashes

The objective of this study was to investigate severe upper extremity injuries and minor skin injuries resulting from frontal automobile crashes and to determine the effects of frontal airbags. The National Automotive Sampling System database files from 1993 to 2000 were examined in a study that included 25,464 individual cases that occurred in the United States. An analysis of the cases indicated that occupants exposed to an airbag deployment were statistically more likely to sustain a sever upper extremity injury (2.7%), than those occupants not exposed to an airbag deployment (1.6%) (p=0.01). The paper explains how 0.7% of occupants exposed to an airbag deployment sustained a severe upper extremity injury specifically from the airbag. In addition, when in crashes with an airbag deployment, older occupants were at a higher risk for severe upper extremity injury, as well as occupants in crashes with higher changes in velocity. A further analysis of the cases indicated that occupants exposed to an airbag deployment sustained a minor skin injury nearly twice as often (59.9%) as those occupants not exposed to an airbag deployment (35.9%). Using the chi square test of independence for survey data, seatbelt use (p=0.46), and seat position (p=0.10) were found to be statistically significant in predicting risk of airbag induced skin injuries; however, occupant sex was a significant indicator of risk, with females being more likely to sustain an airbag induced skin injury than males (p=.01).

• Availability:
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• Corporate Authors:

  Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)

  400 Commonwealth Drive
  Warrendale, PA  United States  15096
• Authors:
  • Jernigan, Mary
  • Duma, Stefan
• Publication Date: 2004

Language

• English

Media Info

• Media Type: Print
• Edition: PT-119
• Features: Figures; References; Tables;
• Pagination: pp 371-379
• Monograph Title: Recent Developments in Automotive Safety Technology

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Air bags; Automobiles; Crash injuries; Crash injury research; Deployment; Extremities; Front seat occupants; Injuries; Positioning; Seat belts; Seats
• Subject Areas: Highways; Passenger Transportation; Research; Safety and Human Factors; I80: Accident Studies;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 01000006
• Record Type: Publication
• ISBN: 0768015030
• Files: TRIS
• Created Date: May 5 2005 12:22PM