SUBSURFACE CHARACTERIZATION AT GROUND FAILURE SITES IN ADAPAZARI, TURKEY

Ground failure in Adapazari, Turkey during the 1999 Kocaeli earthquake was severe. Hundreds of structures settled, slid, tilted, and collapsed due in part to liquefaction and ground softening. Ground failure was more severe adjacent to and under structures. The soils that led to severe damage were generally low plasticity silts. In this paper, results of a comprehensive investigation of the soils of Adapazari, which included cone penetration test (CPT) profiles followed by borings with standard penetration (SPTs) and soil index tests, are presented. Effects of subsurface conditions on the occurrence of ground failure and its resulting effect on building performance are explored through representative case histories. CPT- and SPT-based liquefaction triggering procedures adequately identified soils that liquefied if the clay-size criterion of the Chinese criteria was disregarded. The CPT was able to identify thin seams of loose liquefiable silt, and the SPT (with retrieved samples) allowed for reliable evaluation of the liquefaction susceptibility of fine-grained soils. A well-documented database of in situ and index testing is now available for inclusion in future CPT- and SPT-based liquefaction triggering correlations.

• Availability:
  • Find a library where document is available. Order URL: http://worldcat.org/oclc/3519342
• Corporate Authors:

  American Society of Civil Engineers

  1801 Alexander Bell Drive
  Reston, VA  United States  20191-4400
• Authors:
  • Bray, J D
  • Sancio, R B
  • Durgunoglu, T
  • Onalp, A
  • Youd, T L
  • Stewart, P
  • Seed, Raymond B
  • Cetin, O K
  • Bol, E
  • Baturay, M B
  • Christensen, C
  • Karadayilar, T
• Publication Date: 2004-7

Language

• English

Media Info

• Features: Figures; Photos; References; Tables;
• Pagination: p. 673-685
• Serial:
  • Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
  • Volume: 130
  • Issue Number: 7
  • Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers
  • ISSN: 1090-0241
  • Serial URL: http://ojps.aip.org/gto

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Cone penetrometers; Earthquakes; Fine grained soils; Foundation engineering; Foundation soils; Geotechnical engineering; Liquefaction; Loose soils; Seismicity; Settlement (Structures); Silts; Soil mechanics; Structural deterioration and defects
• Geographic Terms: Turkey
• Subject Areas: Geotechnology; Highways; I42: Soil Mechanics;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 00976412
• Record Type: Publication
• Files: TRIS
• Created Date: Jul 6 2004 12:00AM