EMISSION FORMATION IN HETEROGENEOUS COMBUSTION

Three research projects are reported under the grant. The first is an investigation of a stratified-charge engine concept in which spark ignited combustion in an engine with a homogeneous rich charge is completed and then air is injected during the expansion stroke giving a leaner overall fuel-air ratio. The study showed substantial reduction of nitric oxides without increasing other emissions. Combustion efficiency was not increased and, because substantial work was needed to supply the compressed air, the engine efficiency was decreased. The second project is an investigation of nitrogen oxides produced by burning of liquid normal heptane from a fuel wetted porous cylinder in a cross flow of air. Variation of free stream air velocity and cylinder diameter showed the moles of nitric oxide per mole of fuel burned to be a weak function of Reynolds number. Soot produced by the flame and collected downstream has been identified as giving off significant amounts of nitric oxide indicating a carbon, nitric oxide interaction in the flame envelope. The third project consisted of a study of the part load operation of the Newhall divided chamber engine previously developed at U.W., Madison, an emissions and fuel economy evaluation of this engine relative to other engines and initiation of a study of the formation of hydrocarbons in a Texaco engine by utilization of an in-cylinder sampling technique. Reasons for abandonment of the divided chamber engine were its higher hydrocarbons and lower fuel economy relative to other engines and its sensitivity to knock.

• Corporate Authors:

  University of Wisconsin, Madison

  Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
  Madison, WI  United States 

  Environmental Protection Agency

  Emission Control Technology Division, 2565 Plymounth Road
  Ann Arbor, MI  United States  48105
• Authors:
  • Borman, G L
  • Myers, P S
  • Uyehara, O A
  • Evers, L
  • Ingham, M
• Publication Date: 1977-2

Media Info

• Pagination: 162 p.

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Carbon monoxide; Combustion; Concentration (Chemistry); Economic efficiency; Exhaust gases; Fuel air mixtures; Fuel consumption; Heterogeneity; Hydrocarbons; Internal combustion engines; Measuring instruments; Nitric oxide; Nitrogen oxides; Performance evaluations; Reynolds number; Samplers; Samples; Spark ignition engines; Stratified charge engines; Vehicle power plants
• Uncontrolled Terms: Air fuel ratio; Efficiency
• Old TRIS Terms: Automobile engines; Heptane
• Subject Areas: Economics; Energy; Highways; Safety and Human Factors; Vehicles and Equipment;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 00174646
• Record Type: Publication
• Source Agency: National Technical Information Service
• Report/Paper Numbers: EPA-460-3-77-006
• Contract Numbers: EPA-R-803858-01-1
• Files: TRIS
• Created Date: Mar 14 1978 12:00AM