EFFECTS OF INTERMITTENT AND CONTINUOUS TOKEN REINFORCEMENT ON BUS RIDERSHIP

The following conditions were successively instituted on the Experimental Bus (the 11:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. daily operation of a campus bus): baseline, Variable Ratio 3 token reinforcement (every third passenger, on the average, received a token worth about 10found for boarding the bus), continuous token reinforcement (every passenger received a token), Variable Ratio 3 token reinforcement, and baseline. Compared to the experimental controls, Experimental Bus ridership increased significantly during token reinforcement manipulations. There was no difference in the effects of Variable Ratio 3 and continuous token reinforcement. The results suggest that compared to continuous token reinforcement, intermittent token reinforcement may provide a viable and economical approach to increasing bus ridership. /Author/

• Availability:
  • Find a library where document is available. Order URL: http://worldcat.org/issn/00219010
• Corporate Authors:

  American Psychological Association

  750 First Street, NE
  Washington, DC  United States  20002-4242
• Authors:
  • Deslauriers, B C
  • Evertt, P B
• Publication Date: 1977-8

Media Info

• Features: Figures; References; Tables;
• Pagination: p. 369-375
• Serial:
  • Journal of Applied Psychology
  • Volume: 62
  • Issue Number: 4
  • Publisher: American Psychological Association
  • ISSN: 0021-9010

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Bus transportation; Economics; Experiments; Incentives; Psychology; Ridership; Tokens
• Subject Areas: Economics; Highways; Motor Carriers; Planning and Forecasting; Safety and Human Factors;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 00164022
• Record Type: Publication
• Files: TRIS
• Created Date: Dec 27 1977 12:00AM