SYNTHESIS REPORT: EXAMINATION OF TARGET VEHICULAR CRASHES AND POTENTIAL ITS COUNTERMEASURES. FINAL REPORT

This report synthesizes the results of a preliminary analysis of nine major target crashes: (1) rear-end, (2) backing, (3) lane change and merge, (4) single vehicle roadway departure, (5) opposite direction, (6) signalized intersection, straight crossing path, (7) unsignalized intersection, straight crossing path, (8) left turn across path, and (9) reduced visibility. This report provides statistical descriptions of target crash sizes and characteristics, identifies crash subtypes and causal factors, defines Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Collision Avoidance System (CAS) concepts, and includes a sample of kinematic models representing crash avoidance actions. A case-by-case examination of a sample of 1,183 crashes identified 18 crash subtypes and showed that driver recognition and driver decision errors were the primary causes of 44% and 23% of target crashes, respectively. The CAS concepts discussed in this report provide mechanisms of intervention in three basic categories: advisory, warning, and automatic control intervention. Crash avoidance actions are kinematically modeled as applied to target crash subtypes in terms of braking, steering, and holding course actions. This report concludes by highlighting key results of the analysis.

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• Record URL:
  https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/2766
• Corporate Authors:

  Volpe National Transportation Systems Center

  Cambridge, MA  United States  02142

  National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

  Office of Crash Avoidance Research, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE
  Washington, DC  United States  20590
• Authors:
  • Najm, W
  • Mironer, M
  • Koziol Jr, J
  • Wang, J-S
  • Knipling, R R
• Publication Date: 1995-6

Language

• English

Media Info

• Features: Appendices; Figures; References; Tables;
• Pagination: 64 p.

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Countermeasures; Crash analysis; Crash avoidance systems; Crash causes; Crash types; Intelligent transportation systems; Kinematics; Mathematical models; Traffic crashes
• Subject Areas: Highways; Operations and Traffic Management; Safety and Human Factors; I80: Accident Studies;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 00713027
• Record Type: Publication
• Report/Paper Numbers: HS-808 263, DOT-VNTSC-NHTSA-95-4
• Files: HSL, NTL, TRIS, USDOT
• Created Date: Oct 18 1995 12:00AM