DISAGGREGATE MODEL OF HIGHWAY ACCIDENT OCCURRENCE USING SURVIVAL THEORY
The analysis of discrete accident data and aggregate exposure data frequently necessitates compromises that can obscure the relationship between accident occurrence and potential causal risk components. One way to overcome these difficulties is to develop a model of accident occurrence that includes accident and exposure data at a mathematically consistent disaggregate level. This paper describes the conceptual and mathematical development of such a model using principals of survival theory. The model predicts the probability of being involved in an accident at time t given that a vehicle has survived until that time. Several alternative functional forms are discussed including additive proportional hazards and accelerated failure time models. Model estimation is discussed for the case in which both accident and nonaccident trips are included and for the case with only accident data. As formulated, the model has the distinct advantage of being able to consider accident and exposure data at a disaggregate level in an entirely consistent analytic framework. A conditional accident analysis is undertaken using truck accident data obtained from a major national carrier in the United States. Model results are interpretable and generally reasonable. Of particular interest is that segmenting accidents in several categories yields very different sets of significant parameters. Driver service hours seemed to most strongly effect accident risk: regularly scheduled drivers who take frequent trips are likely to have a reduced risk of an accident, particularly if they have a longer (greater than eight) number of hours off-duty just prior to a trip.
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Availability:
- Find a library where document is available. Order URL: http://worldcat.org/issn/00014575
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Corporate Authors:
Pergamon Press, Incorporated
Headington Hill Hall
Oxford OX30BW, -
Authors:
- Jovanis, P P
- CHANG, H-L
- Publication Date: 1989-10
Media Info
- Features: Figures; References; Tables;
- Pagination: p. 445-458
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Serial:
- Accident Analysis & Prevention
- Volume: 21
- Issue Number: 5
- Publisher: Elsevier
- ISSN: 0001-4575
- Serial URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00014575
Subject/Index Terms
- TRT Terms: Crash exposure; Crash rates; Crash risk forecasting; Disaggregate analysis; Risk analysis; Risk assessment; Survival
- Uncontrolled Terms: Exposure; Parameters
- Old TRIS Terms: Disaggregate models
- Subject Areas: Highways; Safety and Human Factors;
Filing Info
- Accession Number: 00490443
- Record Type: Publication
- Report/Paper Numbers: HS-040 664
- Files: TRIS, ATRI
- Created Date: Dec 31 1989 12:00AM