A double-filter driving cycle generation framework with dynamometer testing and analysis

Standard driving cycles is the basis to obtain the vehicle type-approval energy consumption. However, for users, there is a gap between the type-approval results and their experiences. For manufacturers, limited number of test cycles cause sub-optimization related issues during the vehicle design and development; for testing organizations, deterministic test cycles lead to the risk of cheating in testing. Therefore, a novel double-filter method is proposed to generate multiple stochastic driving cycles that are energy consumption comparable. Using user data as reference, chassis dynamometer tests were designed for validation of the energy consistency. Results show that the maximum deviation from the user was 2.144%, and the minimum was only 0.465%. The method proposed enables customized families of test cycles, overcoming the limitations of deterministic, finite cycles, which contribute to vehicle economy optimization and provide a dependable foundation for energy consumption estimation for city transportation systems and related policy development.

• Record URL:
  • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2026.105231
• Record URL:
  • http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361920926000246
• Availability:
  • Find a library where document is available. Order URL: http://worldcat.org/issn/13619209
• Supplemental Notes:
  • © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. Abstract reprinted with permission of Elsevier.
• Authors:
  • Xu, Nan
  • Liu, Qiao
  • 0000-0002-3296-0220
  • Yuan, Chengyin
  • Yang, Yongtao
  • Kong, Yan
  • Jia, Yifan
  • 0000-0003-4411-8222
  • Li, Linhao
  • Li, Jincheng
• Publication Date: 2026-4

Language

• English

Media Info

• Media Type: Web
• Features: References;
• Pagination: 105231
• Serial:
  • Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment
  • Volume: 153
  • Issue Number: 0
  • Publisher: Elsevier
  • ISSN: 1361-9209
  • Serial URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13619209

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Driving cycles; Energy consumption; Stochastic processes; Testing
• Subject Areas: Energy; Highways;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 01981325
• Record Type: Publication
• Files: TRIS
• Created Date: Feb 26 2026 9:22AM