TRANSPORTATION CONTROLS TO REDUCE AUTOMOBILE USE AND IMPROVE AIR QUALITY IN CITIES. THE NEED, THE OPTIONS, AND EFFECTS ON URBAN ACTIVITY
The report discusses the problem of implementing the national air quality standards in certain metropolitan areas. This will require reductions in automobile emissions greater than those achievable by new car emissions controls, inspection/maintenance, and retrofit. Accordingly, transportation controls to reduce automobile emissions by reducing automobile use have been developed and are being implemented in the affected areas. The approaches to reducing automobile use most frequently used are transit improvements, carpooling programs, and parking restrictions. Programs that combine all three approaches could reduce automobile emissions by as much as 30 percent through diversion of automobile drivers to transit and carpools. However, because of the cost disadvantages created by the underpricing of automobile use, programs not incorporating parking restrictions or other disincentives to low-occupancy automobile travel are unlikely to achieve emissions reductions greater than 5 to 10 percent.
-
Corporate Authors:
Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air and Waste Management
Ann Arbor, MI United States -
Authors:
- Horowitz, J
- Kuhrtz, S
- Publication Date: 1974-11
Media Info
- Pagination: 75 p.
Subject/Index Terms
- TRT Terms: Air quality management; Automobile travel; Automobiles; Buses; Carpools; City planning; Exhaust gases; Inspection; Motor vehicles; Parking facilities; Parking regulations; Public transit; Retrofitting; Standards; Urban areas; Urban transportation
- Old TRIS Terms: Air pollution abatement
- Subject Areas: Economics; Highways; Planning and Forecasting; Public Transportation; Safety and Human Factors; Society; Terminals and Facilities;
Filing Info
- Accession Number: 00090879
- Record Type: Publication
- Source Agency: National Technical Information Service
- Report/Paper Numbers: EPA/400/11-74-002 Final Rpt.
- Files: TRIS
- Created Date: Jun 26 1981 12:00AM