Best practice report on compliance monitoring of ships with respect to current and future IMO regulation

Since 2015, new rules from the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and legislation from EU and the US allows ships to run with maximum fuel sulfur content (FSC) of 0.1 % m/m on northern European and US waters, respectively, or use appropriate abatement technique. In addition, since 2020, there is a global cap of 0.5 % for the FSC. From 2021, northern Europe is a NOx emission control area, requiring at least 80 % emission reduction (Tier III) for all ships built from this year and onward, compared to ships built between 2000 and 2010 (Tier I). There is also a discussion within IMO how to control particle emission of black carbon (BC). This report focuses on best practice in remote compliance monitoring of FSC without stepping on board of the ship. Similar measurements for NOx are also shown, with a discussion whether these can be used for compliance monitoring. Some examples of remote measurements of BC are provided. Remote measurement methods for compliance monitoring of FSC in ships have been developed during the last 10 years within national and European projects (EnviSum and Compmon) and furthermore implemented in national monitoring in Belgium, Denmark, Germany the Netherlands and Sweden. The measurement methods are generally based on sniffer systems measuring the exhaust gas concentrations of SO2, NOx and particulate matter (BC), respectively, against CO2. There are systems with varying sensitivity that are operated at different distances from the ships (50 m to 2 km) and from different platforms, i.e. fixed, shipborne and airborne (manned and unmanned). There are also optical systems measuring the ratio of SO2 against NO2, as an indicator of the FSC, primarily used from manned aircraft. The focus in this report is on standard sniffer systems, based on generally available equipment for air quality monitoring. Such systems have been used extensively during the last 5 years for operational compliance monitoring from both fixed and airborne platforms.

Language

  • English

Media Info

  • Pagination: 31p

Subject/Index Terms

Filing Info

  • Accession Number: 01844814
  • Record Type: Publication
  • Source Agency: Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI)
  • Files: ITRD, VTI
  • Created Date: May 6 2022 5:07PM