Comparative water footprint assessment of fuel cell electric vehicles and compressed natural gas vehicles
Utilization of renewable energy has become a current energy development trend. In this study, the water footprints of a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) and a compressed natural gas vehicle (CNG) under different fuel scenarios were evaluated. The FCEV exhibits a low water footprint of 27.2 L/100 km under steam methane reforming hydrogen production technology. Hydrogen production using steam methane reforming and water electrolysis via wind can enable the FCEV industry to save more water resources. The percentage difference between different metallic materials in automobiles was analyzed. The water consumption by steel accounted for 73.6% and 80.5%, respectively. The fluctuation law of the water footprint was analyzed based on different power structures and steel water consumption coefficients. It was found that for low steel water consumption coefficient, wind power generation is conducive to slowing down the water consumption during the entire life cycle. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was performed for the FCEV and CNG under different fuel scenarios. Fuel technology and material structure have a significant impact on the total water footprint. The results of this study can provide guidance for the layout of the automobile industry and for water-saving measures in the future.
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Availability:
- Find a library where document is available. Order URL: http://worldcat.org/issn/00489697
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Supplemental Notes:
- © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Abstract reprinted with permission of Elsevier.
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Authors:
- Yao, Dong
- Liu, Yangyang
- Xu, Zaifeng
- Zhu, Zhaoyou
- Qi, Jianguang
- Wang, Yinglong
- Cui, Peizhe
- Publication Date: 2022-7-15
Language
- English
Media Info
- Media Type: Web
- Features: Figures; References; Tables;
- Pagination: 154820
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Serial:
- Science of the Total Environment
- Volume: 830
- Issue Number: 0
- Publisher: Elsevier
- ISSN: 0048-9697
- Serial URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00489697
Subject/Index Terms
- TRT Terms: Compressed natural gas; Energy consumption; Fuel cells; Hydrogen fuels; Internal combustion engines; Water consumption
- Subject Areas: Energy; Environment; Highways; Vehicles and Equipment;
Filing Info
- Accession Number: 01845667
- Record Type: Publication
- Files: TRIS
- Created Date: May 19 2022 10:41AM