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Association of Traffic and Related Air Pollutants on Cardiorespiratory Risk Factors from Low-Income Populations in El Paso, TX

The health effects of air pollution from outdoor environments are of great concern due to the high exposure risk even at relatively low concentrations of air pollutants. Traffic emissions from the El Paso–Ciudad Juarez border crossings make up a sizable portion of the mobile vehicle emissions in El Paso, Texas. This project aimed to integrate air quality and traffic data with large epidemiological study results conducted in the El Paso region, and to develop associations between cardiorespiratory outcomes and traffic-related data (air quality and traffic-related activities). The findings showed respiratory functions could be affected by exposures to various pollutants in previous hours regardless of the wide variations in participants’ metabolic syndrome (MetS) factors. Short-term average exposures of pollutant concentrations of particulate matter less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter (PM₂.₅) prior to the participants’ health monitoring were negatively associated with spirometry measures such as forced expiratory volume. Logistic regression modeling found that PM₂.₅ increased likelihoods of high waist circumference and high glucose. Also, increasing nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) concentration was associated with high waist circumference for all exposure periods and high glucose for 72-hr exposure. The likelihood of having MetS closely correlated with increasing 96-hr PM₂.₅ and NO₂, while the odds of having MetS showed associations with decreasing ozone. Land-use regression models were performed for modeling the spatial variation of MetS based on the significant transportation predictors. The street length within 500 m and vehicle miles traveled have shown to be important traffic predictors to find relationships with lung function. As the total length of street within zones of impact increases, the risks of a high waist circumference, high triglycerides, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed. The inverse of the distance to the nearest port of entry was associated with increases in fasting glucose. The increasing likelihood of MetS was also related to the increased street length within 500 m radius zones to each participant’s residential address. The dissemination of these results can lead to decision making and improve policy related to healthy living in communities close to busy roadways.

Language

  • English

Media Info

  • Media Type: Digital/other
  • Edition: Final Report
  • Features: Figures; Maps; References; Tables;
  • Pagination: 83p

Subject/Index Terms

Filing Info

  • Accession Number: 01776519
  • Record Type: Publication
  • Report/Paper Numbers: UTEP-03-27
  • Contract Numbers: 69A3551747128
  • Files: UTC, NTL, TRIS, ATRI, USDOT
  • Created Date: Jul 14 2021 1:43PM