VAPOR PRODUCTION FROM LNG SPILLS ON WATER

In a laboratory program by Shell Research Ltd., sponsored by the American Petroleum Institute, LNG evaporation rates were measured (1) on tanks of sea water supported on a load cell system, and (2) on a large pond. In (1), tests were performed to study the effect of LNG composition, amount of LNG per unit area, water temperature, and water agitation; in (2), LNG was pumped at a constant rate onto the water surface, and evaporation rates were obtained by observing the LNG pool area. Spreading continued until equilibrium was reached at about 0.16 lb of LNG per square foot of water. In the tank areas (9 and 40 sq ft), ice formation liberated latent heat, which increased the rate of evaporation; on the open pond, evaporation occurred without ice formation. Water picked up during evaporation increases the vapor density so that the plume tends to be wide and shallow. This work parallels an API program for large-scale LNG spills on water by Esso Research & Engineering Co.

• Supplemental Notes:
  • Held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania May 14-17, 1973.
• Corporate Authors:

  API Division of Refining Midyear Meeting (38th)

  1271 Avenue of the Americas
  New York, NY  United States  10020
• Authors:
  • Boyle, G J
• Publication Date: 1973-5

Media Info

• Pagination: 48 p.

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Liquefied natural gas; Pipeline safety; Spills (Pollution)
• Old TRIS Terms: Lng spills
• Subject Areas: Marine Transportation; Pipelines; Safety and Human Factors;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 00056418
• Record Type: Publication
• Source Agency: American Petroleum Institute
• Report/Paper Numbers: API #51-73 Preprint
• Files: TRIS
• Created Date: Jul 15 1974 12:00AM