Real world CO2 and NOx emissions from 149 Euro 5 and 6 diesel, gasoline and hybrid passenger cars

In this study CO₂ and NOₓ emissions from 149 Euro 5 and 6 diesel, gasoline and hybrid passenger cars were compared using a Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS). The models sampled accounted for 56% of all passenger cars sold in Europe in 2016. The authors found gasoline vehicles had CO₂ emissions 13–66% higher than diesel. During urban driving, the average CO₂ emission factor was 210.5 (sd. 47) g km⁻¹ for gasoline and 170.2 (sd. 34) g km⁻¹ for diesel. Half the gasoline vehicles tested were Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI). Euro 6 GDI engines < 1.4l delivered ~ 17% CO₂ reduction compared to Port Fuel Injection (PFI). Gasoline vehicles delivered an 86–96% reduction in NOₓ emissions compared to diesel cars. The average urban NOₓ emission from Euro 6 diesel vehicles 0.44 (sd. 0.44) g km⁻¹ was 11 times higher than for gasoline 0.04 (sd. 0.04) g km⁻¹. The authors also analysed two gasoline-electric hybrids which out-performed both gasoline and diesel for NOₓ and CO₂. They conclude action is required to mitigate the public health risk created by excessive NOₓ emissions from modern diesel vehicles. Replacing diesel with gasoline would incur a substantial CO₂ penalty, however greater uptake of hybrid vehicles would likely reduce both CO₂ and NOₓ emissions. Discrimination of vehicles on the basis of Euro standard is arbitrary and incentives should promote vehicles with the lowest real-world emissions of both NOₓ and CO₂.

• Record URL:
  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.271
• Record URL:
  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717333296
• Availability:
  • Find a library where document is available. Order URL: http://worldcat.org/issn/00489697
• Supplemental Notes:
  • Abstract reprinted with permission of Elsevier.
• Authors:
  • O'Driscoll, Rosalind
  • Stettler, Marc E J
  • Molden, Nick
  • Oxley, Tim
  • ApSimon, Helen M
• Publication Date: 2018-4-15

Language

• English

Media Info

• Media Type: Web
• Features: Figures; References; Tables;
• Pagination: pp 282-290
• Serial:
  • Science of the Total Environment
  • Volume: 621
  • Issue Number: 0
  • Publisher: Elsevier
  • ISSN: 0048-9697
  • Serial URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00489697

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Automobiles; Carbon dioxide; Diesel engine exhaust gases; Diesel engines; Electric vehicles; Emissions testing; Exhaust gases; Field tests; Fuel injection; Gasoline engines; Hybrid vehicles; Nitrogen oxides
• Identifier Terms: Euro 5 (Standard : European Union); Euro 6 (Standard : European Union); Portable Emissions Measurement System
• Uncontrolled Terms: Gasoline direct injection
• Subject Areas: Energy; Environment; Highways; Vehicles and Equipment;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 01663835
• Record Type: Publication
• Files: TRIS
• Created Date: Mar 22 2018 12:03PM