A Formal Approach for Modeling and Simulation of Human Car-Following Behavior
Car-following is the activity of safely driving behind a leading vehicle. Traditional mathematical car-following models capture vehicle dynamics without considering human factors, such as driver distraction and the reaction delay. Consequently, the resultant model produces overly safe driving traces during simulation, which are unrealistic. Some recent work incorporate simplistic human factors, though model validation using experimental data is lacking. In this paper, the authors incorporate three distinct human factors in new compositional car-following model called modal car-following model, which is based on hybrid input output automata (HIOA). HIOA have been widely used for the specification and verification of cyber-physical systems. HIOA incorporate the modeling of the physical system combined with discrete mode switches, which is ideal for describing piece-wise continuous phenomena. Thus, HIOA models offer a succinct framework for the specification of car-following behavior. The human factors considered in the authors' approach are estimation error (due to imperfect distance perception), reaction delay, and temporal anticipation. Two widely used car-following models called Intelligent Driver Model (IDM) and Full Velocity Difference Model (FVDM) are used for extension and comparison purpose. The authors evaluate the root mean square (rms) error of the following vehicle position using the traces obtained from human drives through different driving scenarios. The result shows that the authors' model reduces the rms error in IDM and FVDM by up to 48.8% and 7.41%, respectively.
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Availability:
- Find a library where document is available. Order URL: http://worldcat.org/oclc/41297384
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Supplemental Notes:
- Copyright © 2018, IEEE.
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Authors:
- Ro, Jin Woo
- Roop, Partha S
- Malik, Avinash
- Ranjitkar, Prakash
- Publication Date: 2018-2
Language
- English
Media Info
- Media Type: Digital/other
- Features: Figures; References; Tables;
- Pagination: pp 639-648
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Serial:
- IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
- Volume: 19
- Issue Number: 2
- Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
- ISSN: 1524-9050
- Serial URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=6979
Subject/Index Terms
- TRT Terms: Behavior; Car following; Human factors; Mathematical models; Motor vehicle dynamics; Reaction time; Traffic flow; Traffic safety; Traffic simulation
- Uncontrolled Terms: Cyber physical systems
- Subject Areas: Data and Information Technology; Highways; Planning and Forecasting; Safety and Human Factors; Vehicles and Equipment;
Filing Info
- Accession Number: 01663807
- Record Type: Publication
- Files: TLIB, TRIS
- Created Date: Mar 22 2018 12:01PM