Neurotoxicity of traffic-related air pollution.
The central nervous system is emerging as an important target for adverse health effects of air pollution, where it may contribute to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Air pollution comprises several components, including particulate matter (PM) and ultrafine particulate matter (UFPM), gases, organic compounds, and metals. An important source of ambient PM and UFPM is represented by traffic-related air pollution, primarily diesel exhaust (DE). Human epidemiological studies and controlled animal studies have shown that exposure to air pollution, and to traffic-related air pollution or DE in particular, may lead to neurotoxicity. In particular, air pollution is emerging as a possible etiological factor in neurodevelopmental (e.g. autism spectrum disorders) and neurodegenerative (e.g. Alzheimer's disease) disorders. The most prominent effects caused by air pollution in both humans and animals are oxidative stress and neuro-inflammation. Studies in mice acutely exposed to DE (250-300mug/m³ for 6h) have shown microglia activation, increased lipid peroxidation, and neuro-inflammation in various brain regions, particularly the hippocampus and the olfactory bulb. An impairment of adult neurogenesis was also found. In most cases, the effects of DE were more pronounced in male mice, possibly because of lower antioxidant abilities due to lower expression of paraoxonase.
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Availability:
- Find a library where document is available. Order URL: http://worldcat.org/issn/0161813X
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Supplemental Notes:
- Abstract reprinted with permission of Elsevier.
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Authors:
- Costa, Lucio G
- Cole, Toby B
- Coburn, Jacki
- Chang, Yu-Chi
- Dao, Khoi
- Roque, Pamela J
- Publication Date: 2017-3
Language
- English
Media Info
- Media Type: Web
- Features: References;
- Pagination: pp 133-139
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Serial:
- NeuroToxicology
- Volume: 59
- Publisher: Elsevier
- ISSN: 0161-813X
- Serial URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0161813X
Subject/Index Terms
- TRT Terms: Air pollution; Alzheimer's disease; Cognitive impairment; Diesel engine exhaust gases; Exhaust gases; Mobile sources; Neurology; Toxicity
- Uncontrolled Terms: Autism
- Subject Areas: Environment; Highways; Safety and Human Factors;
Filing Info
- Accession Number: 01655760
- Record Type: Publication
- Files: TRIS
- Created Date: Jan 2 2018 10:39AM