A Multi-Dimensional Model for Vehicle Impact On Traffic Safety, Congestion, and Environment”

The Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has recently received great attention in the research community. It offers a revolutionary vision of transportation, in which a full-scale communication scheme between vehicles (V2V) and vehicles and infrastructure (V2I) is introduced. The ITS vision reflects three main areas of transportation improvement: enhancing the traffic flow and mobility of vehicular transportation, improving the active and passive safety of vehicles through V2V and V2I communication, and providing a platform that can address the environmental challenges of transportation systems from a macroscopic perspective. To implement this vision research has to be conducted on two layers: the communication layer and the application layer. The former is concerned with providing proper V2V and V2I communication at the physical, MAC, and network layers, while the latter is concerned with using the communicated data in V2V and V2I interactions to achieve the aforementioned three-point vision of ITS systems. This research targets special cases at both the communication and application layers. In chapter 1, an adaptive traffic light application that improves mobility and safety is developed. This application adopts Webster’s equation as a basis to determine the red and green time cycles. It integrates the dynamic traffic information into Webster’s calculations and extends the green time or shortens the red time of traffic lights at an intersection to maximize the traffic flow at the corresponding junction. The developed system is simulated and evaluated against the conventional pre-timed traffic lights and smart pre-timed traffic lights, and the results show great improvement in controlling delay times, travel times, and traffic flow volume. In chapter 2, an environment-friendly vehicle routing application is developed. This application introduces a new methodology to collect traffic data through the ITS communication scheme, and utilize this data to route vehicles in the most collectively fuel-efficient way. The estimated fuel consumption over road segments is used as the main criteria to calculate the best route for a vehicle, and is updated continuously through ITS message exchanges. The new routing method is evaluated through simulation and is proven superior to the conventional static fastest path routing methods in terms of waiting times, travel times, fuel consumption, and CO2 emissions. Finally, chapter 3 targets the Medium Access Control at the communication layer of ITS. It introduces an Intersection Warning Channel Access Priority (IWCAP) protocol that would guarantee warning drivers of possible collisions as they approach an intersection. This protocol utilizes one omni-directional antenna per vehicle and one dedicated short range communications (DSRC) channel for the intersection warning system. It provides priority and fairness for all vehicles approaching the intersection to transmit their conditions to other vehicles. The protocol analysis shows that drivers can avoid a collision if a warning message is received within 240 m from an intersection given a communication range of 500 m and a speed of 96 Km/h on a wet pavement, if the warning message is received within 0.2 s after joining the wireless network.

• Record URL:
  http://mioh-utc.udmercy.edu/research/ts-45/pdf/MIOH_UTC_TS45_2012-Final_Rpt_A_Multi-Dimensional_Model_for_Vehicle_Impact_On_etc.pdf
• 
• Record URL:
  https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/25138
• Supplemental Notes:
  • This report was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Transportation, University Transportation Centers Program.
• Corporate Authors:

  Michigan Ohio University Transportation Center

  University of Detroit Mercy
  College of Engineering and Science
  Detroit, MI  United States  48221-3038

  University of Detroit Mercy

  Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
  4001 West McNichols Road
  Detroit, MI  United States  48221

  Wayne State University

  Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
  Detroit, MI  United States  48202

  Research and Innovative Technology Administration

  1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE
  Washington, DC  United States  20590
• Authors:
  • Al-Holou, Nizar
  • Mohammad, Utayba
  • Arafat, Mohammad
  • Tamer, Malok Alamir
  • Abdul-Hak, Mohamad
  • Mahmud, Syed Masud
• Publication Date: 2012

Language

• English

Media Info

• Media Type: Digital/other
• Edition: Final Report
• Features: Figures; Glossary; References; Tables;
• Pagination: 44p

Subject/Index Terms

• TRT Terms: Adaptive control; Dedicated short range communications; Intelligent transportation systems; Traffic flow; Traffic signal preemption; Travel time; Vehicle to infrastructure communications; Vehicle to vehicle communications
• Subject Areas: Data and Information Technology; Highways; Operations and Traffic Management; Safety and Human Factors; I73: Traffic Control;

Filing Info

• Accession Number: 01453836
• Record Type: Publication
• Report/Paper Numbers: MIOH UTC TS45 2012-Final
• Files: UTC, NTL, TRIS, ATRI, USDOT
• Created Date: Nov 15 2012 12:32PM