EFFECT OF SMALL AND COMPACT CARS ON TRAFFIC FLOW AND SAFETY
TIME-HEADWAYS BETWEEN REGULAR, SMALL, AND COMPACT VEHICLES WERE USED TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF THE LATTER ON MAXIMUM TRAFFIC FLOW AND THEREFORE ON HIGHWAY CAPACITY. TIME-LAPSE PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORDING WAS THE METHOD USED. FROM THE RECORDS AT EACH LOCATION, FOUR COMPLETE 5 MINUTE SAMPLES WERE READ TO DETERMINE THE NORMAL COMPLETE DISTRIBUTION OF TIME- HEADWAYS. THE FILM WAS THEN SEARCHED FOR SMALL AND COMPACT CARS AND, FOR EACH OF THESE, 4 CAR GROUPS WERE RECORDED TO GIVE HEADWAYS BEFORE AND BEHIND THE SMALLER VEHICLE AND A COMPARISON HEADWAY BETWEEN TWO REGULAR VEHICLES AHEAD. RECORDS WERE MADE FOR PEAK AND OFF-PEAK PERIODS FOR SIX LOCATIONS. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS INCLUDED COMPARISON OF THE EXPECTED NUMBER OF SMALL VEHICLES WITH THE ACTUAL NUMBER OBSERVED IN THE LOWER 15 AND HIGHER 15 PERCENT OF THE TIME- HEADWAY DISTRIBUTION. CHI-SQUARE COMPARISONS INDICATED NO STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES FROM THE EXPECTED NUMBER. AFTER ELIMINATING STRAGGLERS, TIME-HEADWAY AVERAGES FOR THE THREE DIFFERENT TYPES OF CARS WERE COMPARED BY MEANS OF FISHER'S T-FUNCTION FOR LANES 1 AND 2 AT EACH LOCATION, COMBINING LANES 1 AND 2 AND COMBINING THE THREE LOCATIONS AT WHICH HEADWAYS WERE SIMILAR. TIME-HEADWAY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF VEHICLES OCCURRED IN THE DIFFERENT SAMPLES. HOWEVER, THESE WERE NOT CONSISTENT IN DIRECTION (HEADWAYS BETWEEN REGULAR VEHICLES WERE NOT CONSISTENTLY LARGER OR SMALLER THAN THOSE INCLUDING A SMALL OR COMPACT VEHICLE). THE DIFFERENCES WERE NOT STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT. IT WAS CONCLUDED THAT DRIVERS OF BOTH THE SMALLER VEHICLES AND THE SURROUNDING STANDARD AUTOMOBILES OPERATED IN BOTH PEAK AND OFF-PEAK TRAFFIC IN A WAY SIMILAR TO OPERATION OF STANDARD CARS. THEREFORE, NO CONSISTENT INCREASE OR DECREASE OF TRAFFIC HEADWAYS OR OF HIGHWAY CAPACITY IS TO BE EXPECTED FROM INCLUSION OF SMALL AND COMPACT VEHICLES IN THE TRAFFIC STREAM. THERE WAS SOME INDICATION THAT TIME-HEADWAYS MAY BE OF GREATER SIGNIFICANCE THAN DISTANCE-HEADWAYS FOR CERTAIN PURPOSES. /AUTHOR/
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Supplemental Notes:
- Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the Transportation Research Board of the National Academy of Sciences. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
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Authors:
- Forbes, T W
- Wagner Jr, Frederick A
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Conference:
- 41st Annual Meeting of the Highway Research Board
- Location: Washington DC, United States
- Date: 1962-1-8 to 1962-1-12
- Publication Date: 1962
Language
- English
Media Info
- Media Type: Digital/other
- Features: Figures; References; Tables;
- Pagination: pp 1-17
- Monograph Title: Traffic characteristics and intersection capacities I. traffic characteristics as related to highway capacity
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Serial:
- Highway Research Board Bulletin
- Issue Number: 351
- Publisher: Highway Research Board
Subject/Index Terms
- TRT Terms: Chi square test; Compact automobiles; Distance; Drivers; Headways; Highway capacity; Motor vehicles; Peak hour traffic; Statistical analysis; Time; Time lapse photography; Traffic flow; Traffic lanes; Traffic safety
- Subject Areas: Data and Information Technology; Highways; Operations and Traffic Management; Safety and Human Factors;
Filing Info
- Accession Number: 00227075
- Record Type: Publication
- Files: TRIS, TRB, ATRI
- Created Date: Aug 13 2004 6:56PM