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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>Developing the Fourth Edition of the Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2703935</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objective of this research, prepared in 2023, was to develop the Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual (TCQSM), 4th edition, that reflects the latest transit capacity and quality of service research and applications. This research project included a detailed review of transit capacity and quality of service research and applications and identified elements of TCQSM, 3rd edition, that are no longer relevant. This report summarizes work conducted for TCRP Project A-47, “Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual (TCQSM), 4th edition,” that supported the development of the 4th edition and may be of interest to future researchers.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 23 May 2026 18:35:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2703935</guid>
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      <title>Developing a Guide for Transit Traction Power Cables</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2425211</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The transit industry in the United States uses insulated cables for traction power supply and negative return cables between traction power substations, tie switches, and points of delivery to the vehicles, whether a third (contact) rail or an overhead contact system (OCS). Insulated cables are also used for power feeds from utilities at medium voltages such as 15kV. In addition, third rail systems use jumper cables to provide continuity of power around third rail gaps and expansion joints. The main objective of this research was to develop guidelines to determine when to replace transit system cables. The research includes a study of current practices for (1) assessing insulation aging and (2) replacement of cables before failure, including (a) approaches used in transit systems for which there are no monitoring programs and/or testing systems, (b) factors affecting the life of the cable, and (c) effective practices from transit agencies. The guide was developed using the research results for ‘Replacement of Transit Traction Power Cables’, where key questions were determined and addressed. The survey study of transit agencies, practitioners, and suppliers was carried out for the research. After the survey study, ten case studies from different locations were created. As part of the case study investigation, selected agencies were examined in detail. Their problems and solutions were analyzed to gather information about typical scenarios where extended participation of personnel contributed to the research. The guide presents practical solutions to the challenges faced by covering various agencies’ experiences and practices. In the guide, practitioners can find answers to some critical questions along with a detailed investigation, survey results, and case studies to understand the common practices. In addition, an optimization procedure for cable replacement and life evaluation was developed. Finite Element analyses results were also presented. In the case studies, best practices from the various states were shared while addressing opportunities and challenges. Since the conditions and types of the systems may affect the decision-making process and asset management strategies, each agency has developed a unique approach for the problems they experienced.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 07 Sep 2024 12:06:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2425211</guid>
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      <title>Performance-Based Track Geometry, Phase 3</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2289156</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In support of the Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) D7 Task Order 21, MxV Rail (formerly Transportation Technology Center, Inc.) conducted Phase 3 of the Performance-Based Track Geometry (PBTG™) project. The following tasks were completed during Phase 3: (1) Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) track geometry comparison analysis for data between 2013 and 2018 and between 2013 and 2020 after PATH completed the commissioning of a newly acquired track geometry car; and (2) Artificial neural network (NN) model development for the PA5 car body accelerations, wheel forces, and evaluation of PBTG™ technology viability to assess ride quality for the PATH transit system.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 12 Nov 2023 17:34:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2289156</guid>
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      <title>Guide to Joint Development for Public Transportation Agencies: Appendices</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1855143</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The appendices published herein are the appendices to TCRP Research Report 224, Guide to Joint Development for Public Transportation Agencies, which is designed to advance the successful use of joint development projects in North American transit systems—addressing the volume and variety of projects undertaken, the diversity of transit agencies participating, and the quality of outcomes achieved. The guide rests on a research effort including in-depth surveys with transit agencies, local or regional government entities, and private sector companies. The research team also undertook an extensive survey of relevant literature from both academic and practical sources. These appendices present the research findings.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Jun 2021 13:12:35 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1855143</guid>
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      <title>Developing a Guide to Bus Transit Service Reliability</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1728825</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objective of this project was to provide a comprehensive assessment of fixed-route bus service reliability. This is the predominant type of transit service in North America and around the world. The focus was on identifying the factors impacting fixed-route bus service reliability, measures to estimate the degree of unreliability, diagnostic tools to assess the extent of reliability problems, potential treatments to improve reliability, and how to implement an overall reliability improvement program.  The research culminated in the development of TCRP Research Report 215: Minutes Matter: A Bus Transit Service Reliability Guidebook, which provides a road map for transit agencies, other jurisdictions and consultants on identifying, evaluating, and solving reliability problems on fixed-route bus systems. This summary provides an overview of the findings of the research and the content of the guidebook. As an input into the guidebook, three final deliverables were completed which are also included in this document:  a literature review; transit agency survey report; and case study summary report.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 17 Aug 2020 13:12:55 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1728825</guid>
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      <title>A Transit Agency Guide to Evaluating Secondary Train Detection/Protection Systems in Communications-Based Train Control Systems</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1508545</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The top priorities of any signaling system have always been ensuring safe movement and separation of trains, prevention of injury to personnel and patrons, and optimization of system capacity. These objectives can be achieved by using various service‐proven and mature technologies. The advantages of Communications‐Based Train Control (CBTC) technology are substantial. In addition to capacity increase, the system offers the potential to optimize maintenance effort, operational flexibility, and system management capabilities, thereby maximizing the overall return on capital investment. Despite the fact that operating and performance benefits of CBTC technology have been well demonstrated on many systems around the world over the past decades, some agencies still prefer to supplement it with a secondary train detection/protection system (STD/PS). This STD/PS may consist of a conventional interlocking implementation with track circuits or axle counters. The purpose of this guide is to provide a practical approach to evaluating the appropriate level of STD/PS for a given CBTC application. In terms of detection, track circuits and axle counters are both considered and compared, including the broken rail detection capabilities of track circuits and the possibility of having no secondary detection at all.  The first part of this guide presents different STD/PS technologies, and discusses CBTC deployment trends and feedback on operations from rail transit agencies around the world. The second part provides guidance for selection of an appropriate level of STD/PS, in terms of candidate technologies, product maturity, and potential risks. This evaluation is intended to be used during the early stages of CBTC procurement projects. Case studies are provided at the end of the guide.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 13 Apr 2018 08:45:12 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1508545</guid>
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      <title>Improving the Resilience of Transit Systems Threatened by Natural Disasters, Volume 3: Literature Review and Case Studies</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1501674</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This volume includes appendices that outline the literature reviewed and 17 case studies that explore how transit agencies absorb the impacts of disaster, recover quickly, and return rapidly to providing the services that customers rely on to meet their travel needs.The report shows how to identify and implement appropriate resilience strategies to strengthen operations and infrastructure throughout an agency. It explores ways that agencies can become more resilient through incremental adjustments in planning and small changes in what their daily operations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 08 Feb 2018 09:52:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1501674</guid>
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      <title>Improving the Resilience of Transit Systems Threatened by Natural Disasters, Volume 2: Research Overview</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1501598</link>
      <description><![CDATA[TCRP A-41, Improving the Resilience of Transit Systems Threatened by Natural Disasters, was initiated  in February 2015. The project included an extensive literature review, 17 transit agency case studies, a workshop to test the proposed framework for the Guide, and the development of the Guide itself, with its accompanying webpage and database of tools and resources. The project also included extensive interaction with American Public Transportation Association (APTA) to develop a way to incorporate resilience into APTA standards and guidance, as a long-term tactic to institutionalize resilience practices within transit agencies. This report summarizes the major elements of the research effort, with references to full documentation where appropriate. The final section of the report (prior to the bibliography) identifies additional research needs that have been identified during the course of the study.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 08 Feb 2018 09:52:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1501598</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Improving the Resilience of Transit Systems Threatened by Natural Disasters, Volume 1: A Guide</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1501673</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This Guide offers practical steps and paths to resilience for transit systems of all sizes. Extreme weather events and other natural disasters threaten operations and capital assets of transit systems nationwide. Billions of dollars of transit assets have been damaged or destroyed by climate-related disasters in past decades, and millions of passengers have been deprived of reliable transit service for short or long periods of time. A resilient transit system avoids, minimizes and mitigates risk. It can absorb the impacts of disaster, recover quickly and return rapidly to providing the services that customers rely on to meet their travel needs. Many transit agencies are fighting back against weather-related waste of agency resources and taxpayer dollars –– and customers’ loss of service––by becoming more resilient. The Guide shows how to identify and implement appropriate resilience strategies to strengthen operations and infrastructure throughout an agency. While some resilience efforts may require long-term investments, most agencies can become more resilient through incremental adjustments in planning and small changes in what they do every day. The Guide also shows how to identify critical transit-related interdependencies and engage in broader regional resilience efforts. The associated database resilienttransit.org provides extensive resources and tools.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 08 Feb 2018 09:52:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1501673</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Transportation: Research Report and Transit Agency Case Studies</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1479243</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objective of this project was to develop a guidebook to better plan and manage park-and-ride facilities for public transportation. This document presents information gathered in the development of A Guidebook for Planning and Managing Park-and-Ride Facilities. This web-only document summarizes the technical research and presents the in-depth park-and-ride case studies. TCRP Web-Only Document 69 is in two parts. Part 1 summarizes the research findings and Part 2 documents sixteen case studies. Part 1 includes findings from the literature review, documents a state-of-the-practice scan and park-and-ride inventory, discusses how transit agencies model demand for park and-ride facilities, and summarizes a review of demand estimation models. Part 1 also describes the case study research methodology, and outlines the guidebook developed using case study findings.  Part 2 documents sixteen case studies to provide in-depth discussion of the experiences and best practices for the park-and-ride facilities. Case study findings may contain information of interest to other transit agencies that operate park-and-ride facilities or are considering developing new facilities.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 04 Aug 2017 15:07:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1479243</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Developing an ITS Technology Web Portal for Transit System Leaders</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1415705</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project creates a portal for transit system leaders that they can use to learn about new and emerging transit systems and technologies. The portal, designed as a one-stop resource on the American Public Transportation Association (APTA) website, provides information not only on the technologies but also their relationship to transit business practices, technology implementation issues, and adoption challenges. Portal content will be submitted by industry experts and reviewed by designated reviewers of the Tech Portal Subcommittee of APTA’s Research and Technology Committee.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 07 Jul 2016 15:28:10 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1415705</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Improving Transportation Network Efficiency Through Implementation of Transit-Supportive Roadway Strategies</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1407338</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report documents the research conducted by TCRP Project A-39,  Improving Transportation Network Efficiency Through Implementation of Transit-Supportive Roadway Strategies. This project conducted an extensive review of transit preferential treatments  used in the U.S. and internationally, including information on when these treatments are  applied and how they are designed. The project interviewed a number of transit and  roadway agencies to identify lessons-learned and best practices from actual project  implementations, with a particular focus on successful techniques for transit agencies,  roadway agencies, and project stakeholders to work together toward outcomes that benefit  all parties involved. This report also presents findings from a series of gap-filling research  efforts on (1) innovative international strategies not yet in common use in the United  States; (2) a simulation study of the effects of stop location, transit signal priority, and  queue jumps on bus and general traffic travel times and travel time variability; (3) an  evaluation of selected strategies implemented in the Seattle area; and (4) identifying  conditions when the delay benefit produced by a strategy at an upstream intersection is  lost at the next downstream signal, resulting in no net benefit. Finally, this report presents  recommendations for changes to the next edition of AASHTO’s Guide for Geometric Design  of Transit Facilities on Highways and Streets, based on the findings of this project.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 13 May 2016 10:20:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1407338</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Performance Based Track Geometry Phase 2</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1353139</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This document explores a track inspection method known as performance based track geometry (PBTG), and explores the potential for this method to be applied in transit to optimize maintenance and ride quality. The following tasks were completed during Phase 2 of the study: vehicle characterization and on-track testing with Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) System; NUCARS® modeling of PATH PA5 Car; comparison of NUCARS® simulations to on-track test results; PBTG Neural Network development for Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) and PATH Systems; and evaluation of the potential use of PBTG on transit systems (Proof of concept). This report, as well as others in this Transit Cooperative Research Project series, explores the extent to which research performed for the U.S. Federal Railroad Administration and freight railroads can be applied to benefit the transit industry.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 May 2015 14:43:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1353139</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Treatments Used at Pedestrian Crossings of Public Transit Rail Services</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1353098</link>
      <description><![CDATA[There is a natural interaction between pedestrians and public transit rail services. To compile the guidance from other existing resources into one document, and to supplement that guidance with observations of existing pedestrian-rail treatments, the Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) sponsored this project to develop a Guidebook for pedestrian crossings of public transit rail services.  Several research activities were  conducted to develop the  Guidebook including conducting a literature review, investigating  online transit crash databases, performing online survey of practitioners, and conducting  telephone interviews to ask for further details. The key research activity was visiting several public transit rail services crossings to observe the challenges faced by pedestrians at public transit rail services crossings. Site visits were made to Boston, Portland, and Los Angeles.  The purpose of pedestrian crossing devices is to make pedestrians aware of the presence of the train and/or to prevent pedestrians from crossing at inappropriate times. Some of the crossing treatments fit within a traffic control device category while others, such as fencing, are part of the infrastructure provided at the crossing. A single crossing treatment or device will not be sufficient; rather a combination of devices is needed to communicate appropriate crossing locations and crossing times.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 08 May 2015 14:29:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1353098</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Wheel Profile Maintenance Guidelines</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1351416</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report summarizes guidelines on wheel profile maintenance for transit vehicles.  The guidelines are presented in three parts.  Part 1 presents a survey of current wheel profiles and maintenance practices.  This part compiles survey information from a questionnaire, site visits of transit agencies, information from previous Transit Cooperative Research Program projects, and state-of-the-art research results on wheel profile design and maintenance methodologies from a literature review.  Part 2 covers wheel profiles design and maintenance guidelines for rail transit operation.  The effects of wheel profile and wheel/rail (W/R) interaction on car dynamic performances, including lateral stability, curving, W/R contact stress, wear and performances in special trackwork, were investigated using simulation.  Conclusions are summarized concerning W/R contact conicity and W/R gage clearance, maximum flange angle, wheel profile compatibility with special trackworks, wheel wear diameter differences on an axle and the effect on hunting performance, and the effect of wheel wear on hunting speed and switch frog impact.  Part 3 highlights the development of new wheel profiles for Port Authority Trans-Hudson. The new wheel profile was developed to decrease wheel and rail wear and to improve vehicle and track dynamic performances.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Apr 2015 15:23:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1351416</guid>
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