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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>A Comparison of Rail and Road Transport as a Strategy to Reduce GHGs in Mexico</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2596463</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Freight transport in Mexico has grown significantly since the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA, now T-MEC) entered into force, bringing with it direct and indirect environmental consequences in the country’s main transport corridors.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 17:09:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2596463</guid>
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      <title>Asset Management in the Context of Climate Change - Approach of the Bavarian Road Administration</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2596462</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Transport and road transport in particular, is and remains the biggest ‘CO₂ polluter’ in Germany and in Bavaria as well. Looking at Bavaria’s total Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions compared to global emissions, Bavaria was only responsible for 0.2%, Germany for 1.8% of global GHG emissions in 2022. However, this does not absolve Bavaria and Germany from their responsibility to curb the causes and consequences of climate change. The Federal Republic of Germany has set itself legally binding national climate targets to become GHG neutral by 2045. In a first step GHG emissions are to be reduced to at least 65 per cent by 2030 compared to 1990 levels.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 17:09:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2596462</guid>
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      <title>Principles for a Climate Neutral Road Freight Transport</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2596461</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper is based on research findings within the research project ESOB-RKI, which is carried out by the University of Applied Sciences Erfurt and the Bauhaus University of Weimar. Heavy-duty road freight transport causes about a third of the CO2 emissions of all vehicles in Germany. Consequently, its transformation is crucial for achieving climate goals. Since the largest part of road freight transport should be based on direct use of electricity due to the high efficiency advantages, we focus on the electrification and do not investigate road freight transport based on hydrogen or synthetic fuels.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 17:09:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2596461</guid>
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      <title>The Electric Road: Technical, Economic and Environmental Study Carried Out in France</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2596460</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The EU has ambitious targets to reduce by 40% GHG emissions from road transport by 2030 compared to 1990, then by -55% (Fit for 55), and to reach the carbon neutrality in 2050. Transportation represents 25% of the CO2 emissions in the world, among them 75% from road transport and 40% from freight transport. In the EU, 80% of passengers and 70 to 85% of inland freight transports are on the roads. Decarbonising road transport and fulfiling the CO2 reduction require all achievable solutions, above all electrification. The expected technologies for decarbonation of road transport are biogas, biodiesel, battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and charging stations, electric road system (ERS) and hydrogen.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 17:09:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2596460</guid>
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      <title>A Digital Tool to Support Decision Makings and to Reduce Carbon Footprint of Road Networks</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2596459</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Roads are a material-intensive system with an ever-increasing material demand as evidenced by 700,000 km of new roads built around the world every year. Moreover, its particularly long service life of several decades implies maintenance needs with additional materials and energy consumption to secure vehicle safety and transport comfort. Meanwhile, climate actions and sustainable strategy in the infrastructure sector are of crucial importance to reduce material resource, energy consumption and associated carbon emissions, and to achieve targets set in the global agenda such as the Paris Agreement on climate change.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 17:09:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2596459</guid>
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      <title>Development of Solar Pavement in Japan and its Contribution to Carbon Neutrality</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2596458</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In road paving, solar pavement is being developed worldwide against the backdrop of the Paris Agreement, which set a long-term goal of mitigating climate change by 2050 and beyond, SDGs, carbon neutrality and other initiatives. In addition to providing traveling space, pavement, which covers a certain size of surface area in cities and regions, has the potential to generate new values to create renewable energy. We are developing solar pavement with the aim of developing road paving technology that contributes to carbon neutrality, and are conducting demonstration testing, primarily, test paving, in places with vehicle traffic.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 17:09:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2596458</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Stabilization of Galandroud Landslide in Iran</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559562</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Landslide, one of the natural phenomena has been more frequent in recent years. In most cases, the vast damages caused by landslides to natural resources, roads, buildings are irreparable. Every year, more than hundreds of large and small landslides in various forms occur all over Iran. Northern states, especially Mazandaran, due to the special conditions of geology, climate, underground water, the speed of land use changes, witness the occurrence of many landslides with financial and human losses. On March 19, 2018, a large landslide occurred in the village of Spiu in Galandroud region. Oe of the widest landslides of its kind in the country, it caused heavy damages.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Aug 2025 09:19:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559562</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Online Sensor Platform for Earth Slope Resilience in Thailand</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559561</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Residual soil and weathered rock slopes are typically found in mountainous and hilly terrains in most tropical regions like Thailand and ASEAN countries. These earth slopes are often in the unsaturated condition with negative pore-water pressure or matric suction. The presence of matric suction is a favorable condition because it has a beneficial effect on the shear strength of unsaturated soils and thus increases the stability of slopes. However, when the rainfall infiltrates into slope, pore-water pressure increases and matric suction decreases, thus reducing the stability of the slope. This phenomenon commonly known as rainfall-induced slope failure, is one of the most destructive natural disasters, often random and hard to predict.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Aug 2025 09:19:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559561</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>An Experimental Based Approach to Estimate the Overall Modulus/CBR of Geocomposite-Reinforced Subgrades and Use of the Austroads Design Chart</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559560</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The soft subgrade imposes problems on geotechnical/pavement engineers when designing road pavements and construction platforms, as its modulus and bearing capacity do not meet the requirements to support the design load. The issues are more challenging when the soft subgrade consists of expansive clays that are widely spread in Queensland, Australia. The subgrade replacement, lime treatment, and a thicker granular cover over the subgrade are widely used to treat soft and expansive subgrades. However, these subgrade treatment methods impose numerous environmental and financial concerns as they use depleting natural resources producing dust and greenhouse gases. Therefore, the research on construction and demolition waste has suggested using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) and recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) as natural gravel replacements, Further, ongoing research is investigating the use of waste such as fly ash, incinerated ash, and slug to treat the soft and expansive subgrades.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Aug 2025 09:19:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559560</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Management Strategies for Road Earthwork Sections in Japan and Potential for Technology Transfer</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559559</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In recent years, road networks in Japan have been frequently disrupted due to road earthwork sections composed of embankment and cut road earth structures and natural slopes during heavy rains and earthquakes. Of the 1.2 million km of roads in Japan, only 16,000 km are bridges and tunnels, and more than 90% of the roads in Japan are considered to be road construction sections. The management of road earthwork sections is important for the management of the functioning of the road network, both in terms of the proportion of road length and in terms of the proportion of problems that occur. This paper provides an overview of the management methods used in the service phase of road earthwork sections in Japan and explains the background of these methods. In addition, the paper will discuss points to keep in mind and possibilities for the transfer of Japanese disaster prevention technology to overseas countries.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Aug 2025 09:19:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559559</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Alternative Materials in Earthworks - The European Approach</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559558</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The utilization of alternative materials in earthworks has a long tradition dating back to at least the middle of the 20th century. The use of alternative materials is an important part of an active approach to protecting the environment, reducing emissions, and reducing the carbon footprint. In the developed countries there are numerous organizations and initiatives that promote the use of secondary materials.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Aug 2025 09:19:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559558</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>The Consideration of Live Loading in the Design and Assessment of Earth Structures</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559556</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The design of Earthworks and Earth Structures involves the determination of forces from dead loads, predominantly the ground, but also consideration of transient live loads, predominantly traffic loading. The determination of live traffic loads in Earthworks has been taken from those used by structures engineers in the design of bridge decks and retaining walls.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Aug 2025 09:19:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559556</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Relocating the Forest to Minimise the Effects of Earthworks and Accelerate the Restoration of Environmental Compensation</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559557</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The construction of new roads or the widening thereof often has significant environmental impacts. To reduce these impacts, the approach used in environmental assessments is first to avoid them, then to minimise them through mitigation measures, and finally to compensate for any residual losses. In a context of climate crisis and biodiversity loss, the wooded natural habitat component is becoming increasingly important in environmental assessments.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Aug 2025 09:19:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559557</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Road Safety Audit of Ellinikon Urban Regeneration Project</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559555</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Ellinikon project involves the transformation of Athens’ former international airport site, covering an area of approximately 6,200,000 sqm, to an urban ecosystem for luxury residences, commercial uses and public enjoyment, including the largest coastal park in Europe of 2,000,000 sqm.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Aug 2025 09:19:23 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559555</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Preventing Deer and Moose Accidents Through Road Management Measures - Experiences and Solutions from Finland</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2559554</link>
      <description><![CDATA[More than 13,953 traffic accidents involving deer and moose are estimated to occur each year in Finland. These accidents cause at least €92 million in costs and lead to 122 personal injuries (3 fatalities) annually. Deer-related accidents are increasing as both deer populations and vehicular travel increase.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Aug 2025 09:19:23 GMT</pubDate>
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