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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Police in high schools: taking the force out of enforcement (and into schools)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160174</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 07:07:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160174</guid>
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      <title>Project Y.A.M. (Yaw Analysis Methodology), vehicle testing and findings of Victoria Police, Accident Investigation Section</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160173</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A vehicle oversteered or cornering at excessive speed results in the tyres of the vehicle losing traction with the road surface.  As a result tyre yaw marks may be left on the road surface.  Yaw marks are common at fatal collision sites.  Various methods are reported to estimate the speed of the vehicle that leaves yaw marks on a road surface.  The equation to calculate speed in each method is basically the same.  Equation inputs involve the radius of the path of vehicle and the friction forces acting between tyres of the vehicle and the road.  The essential differences in each method are how to determine the radius and whether the peak or average friction is used in the equation.  The Victoria Police, Accident Investigation Section conducted 110 tests at Avalon Airport, Victoria, Australia, in February. 1996.  Four different vehicles were tested.  During testing, variations in tyre pressures, and driver inputs of acceleration, braking and steering over-correction were looked at. The effects of yawing followed by emergency braking with and without ABS braking was further studied.  The methods adopted currently by the Victoria Police, Accident Investigation Section in estimating speed from yaw marks were validated and found conservative.  Radar speed of the vehicle for each test was compared with speed estimates from the yaw marks.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 07:07:26 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>How to use focus group research</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160172</link>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 07:07:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160172</guid>
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      <title>Aspects of drink-driving in rural areas</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160171</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 07:07:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160171</guid>
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      <title>The incidence and role of alcohol, cannabinoids, amphetamines and benzodiazepines in non-fatal crashes</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160170</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 07:07:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160170</guid>
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      <title>Research on knowledge, attitudes and reported behaviour on drink-driving in New South Wales</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160169</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Substantial success has been achieved in NSW over the last 15 years in dealing with the drink-driving problem, in reduction in crashes and changes in attitudes.  The foundation of the success has been the random breath testing (RBT) program.  Despite the success and the substantial countermeasure activity which has continued and developed, there remains a substantial drink-driving crash problem, primarily involving male drivers.  This paper presents results from a telephone questionnaire survey of drivers on the topic of drink-driving conducted in May 1996.  A sample of 500 male and 500 female drivers who drink alcohol were interviewed across NSW.  The aims of the survey were to assess current drink-driving issues; and to help provide direction for countermeasure development.  The survey examined exposure to random breath testing; self-reported drinking and drink-driving behaviour; and factors which influence drink-driving decisions.  Multivariate analysis was used to examine factors which discriminate between different reported drink-driving behaviours.  The likelihood of reported drink-driving was found to be associated more with issues of crash risk and acceptance of the effects of alcohol than on concern about or exposure to RBT.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 07:07:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160169</guid>
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      <title>Perceptual countermeasures to speed related accidents</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160168</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Perceptual countermeasures (PCMs) are non obtrusive, low cost road-markings, usually involving only paint or/and gravel.  They aim to slow vehicles down by changing a driver's perception of what is an appropriate travel speed.  Examples are painted transverse lines, transverse painted rumble lines, center-line widening via paint, and gravel or painted strips on the outer edge of the road.  A few countries have used perceptual countermeasures, although there has traditionally been very little in the way of scientifically sound evaluations of them, both for the short and long term.  The objective of the current project, sponsored by the Federal Office of Road Safety of Australia and the Roads & Traffic Authority of the State of New South Wales (Australia), is to systematically investigate and evaluate the effectiveness of all existing, as well as newly developed perceptual treatments.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 07:07:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160168</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Turning research into strategy: a case study in road safety</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160167</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 07:07:15 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160167</guid>
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      <title>Road safety NSW 1994 to 1996 and the role of the Motor Accidents Authority</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160166</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 07:07:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160166</guid>
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      <title>Crash risks of high risk road user groups in Melbourne and rural Victoria during 1994</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160165</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 07:07:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160165</guid>
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      <title>Driver fatigue in the city</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160164</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Staff at the RTA decided to delve into the characteristics of driver fatigue accidents in cities, to help to direct countermeasures and identify appropriate advertising campaign messages to address this significant proportion of the driver fatigue problem.  Accordingly, a telephone survey was carried out in the Sydney metropolitan area (i.e. the RTA's Sydney Region) by the RTA in 1995 (with the company Quadrant Research Services) to investigate the characteristics of driver fatigue accidents which occurred in metropolitan areas.  The current paper provides the results of this research.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 07:07:02 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160164</guid>
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      <title>Partnerships and progress: the research imperative</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160163</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 07:07:01 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160163</guid>
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      <title>Road Safety Research and Enforcement Conference 1996: effective partnerships, Sydney NSW, 4-5 November at the Holiday Inn, Coogee Beach: Conference Proceedings</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160162</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 07:06:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1160162</guid>
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      <title>THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AIRBAGS IN HOLDEN COMMODORES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/734990</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The aim of this study was to investigate the injury reduction benefits of driver airbags in Holden Commodores.  A case-control study of VR and VS Holden Commodore crashes involving both driver airbag deployed and equivalent non-airbag crashed cars was conducted. Data were collected on the extent of damage, injuries sustained by the driver, and contact sources for these injuries. Similar data were also collected for earlier VN and VP model Commodores which did not have airbags using equivalent procedures and formats.  As there were no noticeable differences between the non-airbag crashed vehicles (models VN to VS), they were subsequently grouped to form the control sample.  Only those cases with a delta-V equal to or below 60km/h (the expected benefit range of airbags) were included in the analysis.  The results showed significant reductions in chest and moderate to severe head injuries for airbag fitted cars and encouraging trends of other benefits for these occupants.  Contrary to recent overseas findings there were no airbag induced injuries above AIS 1 severity. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see ITRD abstract no. E207978.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 04 Apr 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/734990</guid>
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      <title>PRIORITIES TO REDUCE VEHICLE SIDE IMPACT TRAUMA: WHICH COUNTERMEASURES MATTER MOST?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/734991</link>
      <description><![CDATA[After frontal impacts, side impacts are the second largest cause of vehicle occupant trauma.  Technical improvements have reduced potential effects of frontal impacts.  Attention has turned to side impact crash protection where challenges exist to implement effective improvements.  A holistic approach needs to be taken where the side impact problem is treated not just as a closed 'hard engineering' vehicle design problem, but as a 'soft engineering' system design problem also taking into account transport infrastructure issues. This paper reviews side impact epidemiology from both crash causation and injury causation perspectives.  Literature is reviewed and a comparison of various vehicle and transport infrastructure countermeasure costs and benefits is provided.  A holistic perspective of the side impact problem is presented. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see ITRD abstract no. E207978.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 04 Apr 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/734991</guid>
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