<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="https://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <channel>
    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
    <description></description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>YOUNG DRIVERS' ALCOHOL - AND DRUG - IMPAIRMENT: MAGNITUDE, CHARACTERISTICS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROBLEM. YOUNG DRIVERS IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS. PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNAIONAL DRIVERS BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION HELD IN AMSTERDAM, 13-15 SEPEMBER 1986</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/285108</link>
      <description><![CDATA[For the past two decades road crashes have been the leading cause of death, injury and disability among young adults in most industrialized countries.  This paper examines the magnitude and significance of this problem in terms of its health, social and economic consequences, and reviews the role of alcohol and other drugs as causes of the problem. While it has been established that young drivers are over-represented in road crashes, even when the amount of exposure to risk is controlled, it has not been clearly established why this is so.  Speculation abounds concerning the many factors that could render young drivers at high risk of collision-involvement, but much careful research is still needed to identify what the critical variables are. One factor that has been the subject of considerable research is impairment of driving-related skills resulting from the consumption of alcohol and other drugs.  And, while a modestly solid body of research has been accumulating on the role of alcohol in young driver crashes, information on drugs other than alcohol is fragmented and sparse.  This paper reviews what is known about the contribution of alcohol and other drugs to the collision-involvement of young drivers and what major information gaps still need to be filled.  (Author/TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/285108</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PATTERNS OF ACCIDENTS AND INJURY ASSOCIATED WITH ALCOHOL IN YOUNG ROAD USERS. YOUNG DRIVERS IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS. PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION HELD IN AMSTERDAM, 13-15 SEPTEMBER 1986</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/285109</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A review is made of the involvement of young people in alcohol-related accidents in Britain.  The basis for this comprises statistical analyses of police reports of injury accidents, coroners' reports of fatalities, driver licensing records, and specially designed behavioural studies of drink/driving offenders and drivers involved in accidents. Comparison has been made between the characteristics and behaviour of the young road users relative to those of other age groups.  Statistical material is presented which compares the blood alcohol levels of the different types of road user killed in accidents, their demographic characteristics, the circumstances of the incident, and other details.  Similarily the characteristics of young road users who exceeded the legal limits when involved in injury accidents are described.  Data from driving licence records which list motoring convictions have been used to contrast the relative incidence of drinking convictions against those for other motoring offences, for differing age groups.  Two behavioural studies, involving interview of road users, are reported which are aimed at obtaining a more complete profile of drinking drivers and their social habits.  In the first, the characteristics, attitudes and behaviour of drink/driving offenders with known blood alcohol levels were compared with those of a suitable control group of drivers. In the second, currently in progress in one police force area, the driver characteristics, drinking habits and other relevant information, are related to blood alcohol levels for accident involved drivers and riders, over a complete range of alcohol levels.  (Author/TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/285109</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DRINKING AND DRIVING - DATA FROM THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY. YOUNG DRIVERS IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS. PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION HELD IN AMSTERDAM, 13-15 SEPTEMBER 1986</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/285110</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper is based mainly on the data of the Federal statistic office and on the results of a comprehensive research project undertaken by the Federal highway research institute (bast).  The first part describes the important role of alcohol in the causation of road traffic accidents, especially among young drivers.  Road accident trends and alcohol involvement from 1980 to 1984 are discussed, and the accident risk of driving while intoxicated is described, especially the high risk in the 18-21 age group of car drivers, with about 49 drunken drivers involved in accidents per one million hours of road use.  The second part describes the results of a research project focused on the circumstances associated with the drinking and driving behaviour of 'normal' drivers.  There are no differences between younger or older drivers: the decision on drinking and driving appears to be determined by factors such as attitudes towards violating the legal alcohol limit, the individual driver's assessment of the risks involved in drunken driving, and attitudes towards excessive drinking in general.  Young drivers drink alcohol less frequently and the BAC levels of young drivers who are involved in accidents while intoxicated are lower than those of older drivers.  The high risk of young drivers' involvement in alcohol accidents appears to be due to less experience in drinking and in driving, general risk behaviour, and factors relating to the group behaviour of young people. (Authokr/TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/285110</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>YOUNG DRUNKEN DRIVERS IN HELSINKI: 1. DRIVING EVENTS. YOUNG DRIVERS IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS. PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION HELD IN AMSTERDAM, 13-15 SEPTEMBER 1986</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/285111</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In 1985, at the request of the police, 259 consecutive, young drivers (under 20 years of age) were examined at the department of forensic medicine, university of Helsinki.  A random sample of 186 drivers served as a control.  At the medico-legal examination, the drivers were interviewed about social background, details of the actual drunken driving offence, and general driving habits.  The profiles gathered differed in many respects significantly between young and adult driving while intoxicated (dwi) offenders.  A nonchalant attitude towards driving after consumption of alcohol, associated with a spontaneous driving offence and deliberate risk-taking with alcohol-impaired friends, was the characteristic profile of young dwi offenders.  This is the most important challenge for various programmes of countermeasures.  (Author/TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/285111</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE ROLE OF ALCOHOL AND DRUGS IN YOUNG PERSONS' INJURY OR FATAL ROAD ACCIDENTS IN NEW ZEALAND. YOUNG DRIVERS IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS. PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION HELD IN AMSTERDAM, 13-15 SEPTEMBER 1986</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/285112</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The role of alcohol in young persons' road accidents in New Zealand is discussed with reference to two data bases: all fatal road accidents between 1977 and 1982, and, in more detail, those taken to one large hospital after a road accident, for either admission or just treatment in the accident and emergency department.  The role of cannabis and prescription drugs is discussed for the hospitalized cases only.  Major differences in drinking and driving characteristics are noted between car drivers and motorcycle riders, between male and female drivers or teenagers and those aged 20-24.  It appears that New Zealand may have a significant problem concerning the involvement of cannabis in injury accidents for young people, particularly those aged 20-24, but the problems involving prescription drugs with young people appear minimal.  (Author/TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/285112</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL IN NIGHT-TIME DRIVING BY YOUNG DRIVERS IN CANADA. YOUNG DRIVERS IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS. PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION HELD IN AMSTERDAM, 13-15 SEPTEMBER 1986</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/285113</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Roadside surveys between the hours of 2100 and 0300 h in Canada during 1981 obtained information on driver, vehicle and trip characteristics, together with drivers' blood alcohol concentration recorded from breath samples.  Some 16900 subjects were interviewed, with a breath sample refusal rate of about 3.5%.  Results showed drivers aged under 25 comprised nearly one-third of all impaired drivers on canada's roads at night.  The paper describes the characteristics of young drivers and their trips, and compares them to the rest of the population.  The night-time roadside information is also compared to information on normal 24 h driving characteristics of the differing age groups, obtained in canada's national driving survey of 1979.  Implications are drawn for possible countermeasures directed at accidents involving alcohol-impaired young drivers.  (Author/TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/285113</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>WHY ARE YOUNG DRINKING DRIVERS AT GREATER RISK OF COLLISION? YOUNG DRIVERS IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS. PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION HELD IN AMSTERDAM, 13-15 SEPTEMBER 1986</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/285114</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Research has shown that young people who drive after drinking have a higher relative risk of crash involvement than older drinking drivers, at all blood alcohol concentrations (bacs).  This paper focuses on the many contending explanations as to why young drinking drivers are at greater risk.  A central concept in some of these explanations is inexperience with both drinking and driving. It has been speculated, for example, that since young drivers have had 'less experience with alcohol', their performance is more affected than that of older drivers given the same dose of alcohol.  According to this explanation, young drivers are more 'impaired' because of either a 'special sensitivity' or 'less tolerance' to the effects of alcohol.  Others have argued that the higher risk is related to the level of experience with driving -the overlearned performance of experienced drivers is less disrupted by alcohol effects.  By contrast, for young 'inexperienced' drivers, whose 'spare capacity' for handling the various task demands is already heavily taxed, even small decreases in efficiency produced by alcohol create potentially critical disruptions.  Accordingly, alcohol use significantly increases their risk of crash.  This paper reviews the experimental/clinical literature pertinent to these hypotheses, but finds little empirical support for them.  Accordingly, alternative explanations are considered. For example, the greater risk experienced by young drinking drivers may result from the disinhibiting effects of alcohol that are translated into a great willingness to accept risk among young drivers.  Alternatively, the effects may be attributable more to personal and social characteristics of a subset of this group -those who engage in risky driving behaviours and who also happen to consume alcohol.  For this special group of risk-takers, alcohol exacerbates behaviour that is already risky and thus contributes to an even greater risk of collision.  (Author/TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/285114</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>YOUNG PEOPLE IN DIFFICULTY AND THE RISK OF ACCIDENTS - A LONGITUDINAL APPROACH. YOUNG DRIVERS IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS. PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION HELD IN AMSTERDAM, 13-15 SEPTEMBER 1986</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/285115</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A study of injuries sustained by young people of school age was carried out on 327 adolescents, followed up over a period of 3 years.  The study showed that 46% of the boys and 25% of the girls had had at least one accident between the age of 11 and 18 years, and that 17% and 6% respectively had had several.  In order to interpret these figures, the youngsters' sex and age and the recurring nature of the accident have to be taken into account.  It was shown that the high masculine morbidity could be partly attributed to the typically adolescent tendency to take risks.  However, when the accident occurs during puberty and is repeated (as was the case for 14% of the boys), it can be a sign of more serious problems.  Injuries sustained by girls, which are less frequent and of a different nature, cannot be interpreted in the same way and require further examination. Adolescents who have had serious accidents at an early age suffer from an accumulation of insomnia, school-related and personal problems.  The increasing accident rate during adolescence is a factor common to most countries.  There is agreement between mortality and morbidity data on: the increasing incidence of accidents between the age of 15 and 24 years, whatever the type of accident; high masculine morbidity and mortality; high recurrence rate.  Analytical and clinical research has brought to light a certain number of risk factors which are principally related to: socioeconomic or family situation: the cultural or economic status of the family, parental separation, unsatisfactory relationship between parents, alcohol problems in the family; or the psychological characteristics of the adolescents themselves: risk-taking aggressive and antisocial behaviour, depressive tendencies; or the psychopathology of the adolescent: aggressivity towards self or others, suicide or attempted suicide; or other environmental factors, such as lack of surveillance, low technical standards, or behavioural factors such as negligence and drinking.  In most of these analytical studies either the type of accident or its severity were taken into account, but rarely both.  Other determining factors such as sex, the age at which the accident occurred and its recurrence were often omitted in the explanatory process.  The studies mainly concerned hospitalized injuries which meant that minor accidents could not be taken into account.  In addition, the studies were often cross-sectional, so that it was not possible to ascertain the predictive value of the risk factors.  (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/285115</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>YOUNG DRIVERS IN HELSINKI: II. DRINKING HABITS. YOUNG DRIVERS IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS. PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION HELD IN AMSTERDAM, 13-15 SEPTEMBER 1986</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/285116</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In 1985, at the request of the police, 259 consecutive, young (under 20 years of age) male drivers and a random sample of 186 adult drivers were examined at the department of forensic medicine, university of Helsinki, for suspected driving while intoxicated (dwi) offences.  At the medico-legal examination the drivers were interviewed about social background and drinking habits.  The bacs were lower, the stage of inebriation more severe, heavy use of alcohol less common, and admitted problem drinking or elevated serum gamma glutamyl transferase (ggt) activities less common among young than adult drivers.  The findings suggest that only a small proportion of young drivers have advanced alcohol problems and they could therefore be favourable subjects for treatment programmes.  (Author/TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/285116</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>RISKY DRIVING AND ADOLESCENT PROBLEM BEHAVIOUR; THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL LINKAGE. YOUNG DRIVERS IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS. PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION HELD IN AMSTERDAM, 13-15 SEPTEMBER 1986</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/285117</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Risky driving -speeding, following too closely, driving after drinking or drug use -is conceptualized as problem behaviour among adolescents and youth.  A psychosocial approach to the explanation of problem behaviour in youth problem-behaviour theory -is elaborated in this paper and applied to risky driving.  Psychosocial risk factors for impaired driving that derive from personality, the social environment, and from other behaviours are delineated, and research showing their effectiveness in accounting for adolescent problem drinking and drug use are presented.  It is argued that risky driving is part of a larger syndrome of adolescent problem behaviour and co-varies with alcohol and drug use as well as with delinquent behaviour.  Recent research findings that illustrate this point are discussed. A four-item risky driving scale is shown to be related to a variety of adolescent problem-and health-related behaviour in a school-based sample of adolescents aged 16 years 6 months and older.  Further, the psychosocial risk factors in problem-behaviour theory account for approximately 25% of the variance in risky driving behaviour for both sexes. Risky driving behaviour emerges as an aspect of a larger adolescent lifestyle and this has major implications for the design of prevention/intervention programmes.  (Author/TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/285117</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PREDICTING CAR ACCIDENT RATE VARIANCE AMONG A YOUNG DRIVER COHORT USING AN ECOLOGICO-PSYCHOSOCIAL MODEL. YOUNG DRIVERS IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS. PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION HELD IN AMSTERDAM, 13-15 SEPTEMBER 1986</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/285118</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A survey conducted on a young adult driver population (in Quebec) in 1984, using accident records compiled over a period of 6 years (1977-83) generated an impressive number of highly valid variables.  Jessor's conceptual framework was retained for its great capacity to predict (and explain) problem behaviours among youth.  Psychosocial studies have not been too successful in the past in predicting alcohol-induced car accidents.  But jessor's team never applied their framework to this neglected topic.  So we attempted to fill the gap and did use it as a test framework.  To complement this, human ecology concepts from William ogden's work were borrowed to enlarge the scope of our analytic model and encompass the most relevant ecological factors.  Using a 30-page confidential questionnaire, 938 individuals throughout Quebec were contacted by mail after being systematically sampled from an exhaustive list of 10534 names representing the whole target-population.  The questionnaire was returned, completed, by 515 individuals, that is 53% of the sample. La regie d'assurance automobile du Quebec (Quebec automobile insurance agency) forwarded to US data relative to personal car accident records so we could combine them with our survey data.  Following the construction of a satisfactory path analysis model, a strong prediction (65.6%) of car accident variance was obtained for our young driver cohort. (Author/TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/285118</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ALCOHOL LEVELS OF YOUNG DRIVERS IN FRANCE AND LACK OF SAFETY ON THE ROADS. YOUNG DRIVERS IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS. PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION HELD IN AMSTERDAM, 13-15 SEPTEMBER 1986</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/285119</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The subject of this research sprang from questions about regional differences in alcohol levels observed in a road traffic context.  Data obtained from previous surveys, while representative at a national level, were too general for any refined explanations to be established for differences in drinking habits.  Indicators used by public health services record cases of chronic alcoholism that develop slowly over a long period, whereas the alcohol levels observed in road safety surveys reflect a momentary situation which varies according to the day, the hour and the road system.  The results are presented of a road survey carried out in two departments, haute-garonne and ille-et-vilaine, between November 1984 and January 1986, in which an attempt was made to pinpoint the factors that contribute to young people of under 25 drinking and driving.  (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/285119</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ALCOHOL, DRIVING AND ROAD SAFETY AMONG YOUNG MOTORISTS. YOUNG DRIVERS IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS. PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION HELD IN AMSTERDAM, 13-15 SEPTEMBER 1986</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/285120</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A comparative epidemiological study was carried out in two different departments in France to study alcohol consumption and its effects on road safety with particular regard To young people.  The results of a door-to-door survey are presented here in such a way as to focus on the interaction between the sort of journeys made and the reasons for them and the consumption of alcohol, whether habitual or occasional.  (Author/TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/285120</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ALCOHOL USE AND LIFESTYLE FACTORS AS CORRELATES OF ROAD CRASH INVOLVEMENT AMONGST YOUTH. YOUNG DRIVERS IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS. PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION HELD IN AMSTERDAM, 13-15 SEPTEMBER 1986</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/285121</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Epidemiologic research has demonstrated a strong relationship between blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and the risk of collision involvement.  This relationship is particularly pronounced among young drivers who are at higher risk of crash, relative to older age groups, at all bacs.  Nevertheless, the causal relationship remains obscure -alcohol is neither a necessary nor sufficient condition for collision occurrence.  In this context, preoccupation with alcohol as a risk factor, particularly in the collision experience of young drivers, has proved a hindrance in identifying other factors that contribute to crashes involving the use of alcoholic beverages.  A myriad of intervening variables lies between alcohol as 'cause' and crash as 'effect'.  The few studies available to date suggest that social, psychological and behavioural factors may better distinguish young drivers with a high risk of crash involvement than the presence and amount of alcohol per se.  This paper describes the results of a survey of 800 high school students (ages 13-19) concerning their personal attributes -attitudes, opinions, personality, alcohol and drug use, risk-taking -in relation to previous accident involvement.  In general, young drivers (and passengers) who reported having been involved in a traffic crash could be distinguished, in a number of these areas, from those who had not.  The findings are discussed in terms of a model that incorporates lifestyle factors as an important variable in the crash experience of young people.  (Author/TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/285121</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>YOUNG PEOPLE'S LIFESTYLES AND THEIR ATTITUDES TO ALCOHOL. YOUNG DRIVERS IMPAIRED BY ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS. PROCEEDINGS OF A SYMPOSIUM ORGANIZED BY THE INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH ASSOCIATION HELD IN AMSTERDAM, 13-15 SEPTEMBER 1986</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/285122</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Statistics show quite plainly that young drivers are very exposed to risk on the road and that road accidents are one of the principal causes of death for the 18-25 age group. The problem is to determine what the reasons are for this phenomenon.  Researchers know, however, that, although accident factors are numerous and concomitant, it is difficult to answer this question directly.  It is possible nevertheless to study various accident black spots and to try to show under what conditions and by what processes certain factors explain part of the phenomenon of road accidents.  This paper points to some aspects of the circumstances in which young people live, their perception of risk and their attitudes towards alcohol.  An attempt is made to put these different aspects into perspective to demonstrate how they can both influence and constitute risk factors.  (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 1988 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/285122</guid>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>