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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY CONVERSION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/60703</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) technology is reviewed and economic issues are identified and discussed. Because the plant is modular and operates in the marine environment, major components can be manufactured in existing shipyards and can be operated by established marine contractors and maritime labor.  The process of large scale implementation is investigated by conceptualizing a Technology Delivery System (TDS) and examining the impact of various design features and government incentives.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Jan 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>ABATEMENT OF BIOFOULING AND CORROSION IN OTEC HEAT EXCHANGERS USING LOW ENERGY SURFACES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/60706</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The concept that fouling and corrosion are controlled on low energy metal surfaces treated with fluorochemicals is discussed.  The surfaces of selected metals are chemically modified with a fluorochemical monolayer to minimize their surface energy.  In the ocean at Miami, these low energy surfaces abate algae fouling on aluminum alloy No.  3003-H14 and commercially pure titanium.  Also, they protect the aluminum and 90-10 copper-nickel alloy No.  706 from seawater corrosion.  However, barnacle fouling is observed on all panel surfaces.  Electron spectroscopic and electron microscopic analysis of the outermost surface points to the possible reasons for this growth.  Additional work is needed to more fully understand the important factors that relate the monolayer characteristics -- monolayer compositon, surface energy and surface coverage -- to antibiofouling and anticorrosion performance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Jan 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>DESIGN OF LOW-COST ALUMINUM HEAT EXCHANGERS FOR OTEC PLANT-SHIPS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/60715</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The most expensive components of an OTEC system are the evaporators (heated by warm surface water), the condensers (cooled by water from 700-1000 m depth), and the floating ocean platform.  To minimize these costs, a simple two-phase-flow heat exchangers made of large-diameter aluminum tubes (ammonia inside, sea water outside) are designed for integration in a simple, barge-type, reinforced concrete hull.  Each 2.5-MW//e(net) evaporator or condenser module has 132 tubes approximately 700 ft long, folded to 27 horizontal passes each; 6 of these tubes are "nested" in a vertical plane in each of 22 "elements" .  The method of analysis and a concept for assembling these modules are presented.  The estimated costs for the heat exchangers and the total OTEC plant-ship (to busbars) are $5.45 sq. ft. of surface area and $1130/kW//e(net), respectively, for a first-of-a-kind, 100-MW//e(net) demonstration plant ship for use on tropical high seas.  The costs for the sixth and subsequent 500-MW//e(net) commercial plant-ships are estimated to be 2.72/sq. ft. and 566/kW//e.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Jan 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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