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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <item>
      <title>PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVING VISION ON THE ROADS AT NIGHT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/113240</link>
      <description><![CDATA[STREET LIGHTING AND HEADLIGHTS ARE EXAMINED IN RELATION TO NIGHT VISIBILITY. WITH THE ADVENT OF NEW CODES OF PRACTICE FOR STREET LIGHTING AND THE USE OF BRIGHTER SOURCES MOUNTED ON HIGHER COLUMNS WITH BETTER CUT-OFF, MORE USE IS NOW MADE OF DIFFUSE REFLECTION WITH LESS RELIANCE ON SPECULAR REFLECTIONS. THE GLARE WHICH WAS SUCH A PROMINENT FEATURE OF OLDER INSTALLATIONS HAS BEEN REDUCED BY IMPROVED LANTERN DESIGN. DIPPED BEAMS AND AIM OF HEADLAMPS ARE DISCUSSED. SEVERAL METHODS OF AIM CORRECTION FOR CHANGES IN LOADING ARE LISTED. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 10 Apr 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/113240</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>BREATH ALCOHOL ANALYSIS IN GREAT BRITAIN 1967-1982</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/202321</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper summarises the current position of breath alcohol analysis in traffic law enforcement in Great Britain, and outlines the background work leading to the new legislation which will come into force early in 1983.  (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Apr 1985 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/202321</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>PORTABLE WEIGHING EQUIPMENT FOR HEAVY GOODS VEHICLES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/154244</link>
      <description><![CDATA[There is a police requirement for portable equipment to weigh vehicles at unprepared sites.  In this article the police problem and the equipment commercially available are described.  As this equipment is at present too bulky and heavy to be carried as part of normal police vehicle equipment psdb is monitoring the state of the art especially the development work being carried out at Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE) Harwell. (TRRL)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Nov 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/154244</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>FOG DETECTORS FOR POLICE USE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/139319</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE PROPORTION OF ACCIDENTS DUE TO FOG IS HIGHER ON MOTORWAYS THAN ON OTHER ROADS AND SUCH ACCIDENTS ARE MORE SEVERE. THE AUTHOR DISCUSSES THE ROLE OF THE POLICE IN CHANGING THE METHOD OF OPERATING MOTORWAYS WITH A VIEW TO GREATER SAFETY AND DESCRIBES TWO TYPES OF EQUIPMENT DEVELOPED BY THE PLESSEY RADAR COMPANY TO MEASURE VISIBILITY: A FOG DENSITY METER & A BACKGROUND LIGHT METER. SCIENTIFIC AND OPERATIONAL EVALUATIONS OF THESE ARE OUTLINED. THE INSTALLATION OF THE FIRST OPERATIONAL SITE AND THE COLLECTION OF SCIENTIFIC DATA ARE BEING ARRANGED BY THE TRANSPORT AND ROAD RESEARCH LABORATORY.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 27 Nov 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/139319</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ACCIDENT ANALYSIS BY COMPUTER</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/65474</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A national grid reference system used to locate accident sites allows for interface with similar systems.  The five linked computer programs used to retrieve specific kinds of data are described and sample printouts are included.  The system imposes standard road safety criteria over the entire county, thereby pinpointing, on a priority basis, those areas which are inherently hazardous and in need of control measures and those which require maintenance attention.  by including data on vehicle flow, the system can also perform time comparisons and forecast, to some extent, points of potential danger.  A summary of system cost, staff time, and computer time is provided.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Aug 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/65474</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>VISUAL AVERAGE SPEED COMPUTER AND RECORDER (VASCAR)</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/65475</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Components, operations, applications, reliability, and accuracy of the vascar system are discussed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Aug 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/65475</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>VEHICLE SPEED AND SPACING - ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT FOR DRIVER BEHAVIOR AND TRAFFIC MEASUREMENTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/65476</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Topics covered include equipment operation, data processing, future equipment techniques, and applications to police work.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Aug 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/65476</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVING VISION ON THE ROADS AT NIGHT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/65480</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Possibilities for improved street lighting, automatic compensation for headlight aim, automatic headlight dimming, and polarized headlights are examined.  The authors consider existing systems and ones with a capacity for development.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Aug 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/65480</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>POLICE OBSERVATION PLATFORMS ON MOTORWAYS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/65482</link>
      <description><![CDATA[These observation platforms, designed for off-the-road parking of police vehicles, have two main purposes: To provide vantage points where police vehicles could stop off the carriageway and hard shoulder to improve surveillance of traffic flows and behavior and to make the police presence more conspicuous to drivers using the motorways, thereby improving the standard of driving and reducing the likelihood of accidents.  This article covers the history of experimental platform provision, an experiment involving modified platforms, and criteria for platform sitting, spacing, layout, and construction.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Aug 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/65482</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>AUTOMATIC SPEED SIGNS - AN EVALUATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/52009</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Details are given of an experiment carried out in March-May, 1976, on the A286, in Fernhurst, Sussex, in which drivers' attention was drawn to the fact that they were exceeding the 30 mph speed limit but without an obvious risk of prosecution.  The sign with the legend: "police. You are speeding", was triggered by vehicles passing over inductive loops; temporary loops were stuck to the road surface 80 yards in advance of the sign, and a permanent automatic data collection site was located 150 yards beyond the sign. Speed data were collected for 5 time periods during each day. Graphs show the percentage of vehicles exceeding 35 mph for both permanent and temporary sites, and a comparison is made between the average percentage of vehicles exceeding 35 mph before and after the installation of the sign.  Results of the experiment showed that: (1) the sign was effective 24 hours a day; (2) once installed, it made a minimum demand on operational traffic resources; (3) it does not involve any additional police administrative effort.  Costs are quoted. /TRRL/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 17 Jun 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/52009</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>2001: TRAFFIC POLICING IN THE FUTURE?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/66227</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The aim of this project is to improve the effectiveness of the traffic police by the formulation of a resource allocation system based on a study of the interaction of the police, the road user and the traffic environment.  Within the broad aim, there are four main objectives: 1. To understand the connection between road characteristics, traffic factors and accidents or congestion.  2.  To understand and quantify the interaction between aspects of driver behaviour and traffic police action.  3.  To provide the means of collecting data from the roads and elsewhere related to driver behaviour and traffic characteristics and to process this data so as to provide the police with the opportunity to apply resources to the reduction of road accidents or congestion.  4.  To integrate the above three factors into a means of deploying traffic police at an operational level.  The evidence collected so far indicates that the initial assumptions are valid, that the use of objective measures can lead to increased effectiveness and that resource allocation systems based on these measures are operationally feasible.  At the termination of the research stage, a set of recommendations will be drawn up for a traffic police resource allocation system which could be applied to any traffic division in this country. /TRRL/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 13 Apr 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/66227</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>HIGH VISIBILITY GARMENTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/45259</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article discusses the various features which combine to make a satisfactory conspicuous garment. It deals with: (1) the colours for high visibility clothing as defined in the British standard 4610 of 1970, (2) use of fluorescent materials for daylight and twilight, (3) plastic materials, (4) retro-reflective materials, the performance of which is defined in British standard 5064 of 1974. The advantages and disadvantages of the three types of retro-reflective materials in use (white open bead material, silver open bead material, and white "flat top" fabric) are examined; (5) design of garments. The availability of material to BS 4610 and developments in dual purpose materials, which are both fluorescent and retro-reflective, are discussed. /TRRL/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Aug 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/45259</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TRIALS OF THE PORTABLE ROAD SIGN PRODUCED BY SAMUEL JACKSON LIMITED</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/139564</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The initial design of the compact sign originated from a member of the staff employed in the Staffordshire Police Vehicle workshops.  It was considered that the basic stability and compactness of the design warranted further study and field trials.  The designer's objective was to produce a sign of physical dimensions that permitted a full highway kit to be stowed in the trunk of a highway patrol car.  The standardization of the kit for all traffic control vehicles was a longer term aim.  The stand when stowed into the vehicle occupies a volume of 3200 cubic centimeters maximum, the maximum diameter being less than 12 cm. /PRB/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 13 Dec 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/139564</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CAN THE INFLUENCE OF POLICE ACTIVITY ON DRIVER BEHAVIOR TRAFFIC FLOW AND ACCIDENTS BE QUANTIFIED IN COST BENEFIT TERMS?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/133296</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper considers the effects of driver behavior on traffic flow, congestion and accidents, with particular attention to measurement of changes in these areas, and possible effect of police activity.  The effort and cost of such police activity are quantified and experiments to measure police influence on driver behavior, traffic flow and accidents, both in this country and abroad, are briefly described.  The author's views on cost/benefit of police activity are presented.  Such cost/benefits may stem from changed police inputs and additional resources.  The practicality and limitations of such changes are examined. /TRRL/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 11 Oct 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/133296</guid>
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