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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport heritage as tourist attractions</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/846335</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The attraction of historic railways and transport structures is explained. The case of the Lithuanian narrow gauge railway that runs from Panevezys to Anyksciai and Rubicai is discussed. The total length of line is about 70 km long, a bit too far for the ideal tourist railway. The most picturesque length of the line runs between Anyksciai and Rubicai, where the terminus is alongside a lake, but that length of track is the most neglected and needs the most repair. Anyksciai station hosts a small railway museum nearby, built with the assistance of EU funds, but there is little or no hotel accommodation. The track between Anyksciai and Panevezys is 56 km long and is the less visually interesting part of the line but the maintenance facilities are to be found at Panevezys, the main centre of population locally. Panevezys was the centre of the manufacture of television tubes during Soviet times and on the collapse and disintegration of the Soviet Union, the market fell from that demanded by a population of 248 million to that of 3½ million. Needless to say there was high unemployment. The political initiative comes largely from Panevezys County whose Governor wishes to regenerate his domain. Anyksciai lies in a different county.  Tourist and heritage railways have been used elsewhere as a tool to regenerate the economy of a region. In the UK, a branch line running north from Bury was reopened as a heritage railway under the initiative of a local authority, which obtained grants from the European Regional Development Fund to help finance it. It has been a huge success, attracting over 200,000 passengers a year. More importantly, the enthusiasm generated by this has led to the line being extended and doubled in length. The railway's workshops have taken on more staff as its facilities have tempted other heritage railways to bring their major locomotive overhauls to Bury because of the facilities and skills available. Similar success has attended the reopening of La Baie de la Somme railway near Crotoye in Northern France and the "Molli Bahn" near Rostock in East Germany. These formerly depressed areas have been revived by the injection of money spent by tourists travelling on the trains. What is more, these railways tend to defy the seasonal restrictions that so often attend other tourism ventures which are weather dependent. When the number of visitors fall during the winter months after Christmas, staff are usually redeployed to undertake restoration and maintenance tasks. The social aspects of preserved railways, their use as transport to other tourist attractions, and their role in the prevention of environmental degradation, are described. For the covering abstract please see ITRD E135207.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Jan 2008 08:48:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Are travel plans the best way to make tourist travel more sustainable? Hadrians Wall: A case study</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/846334</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This research investigated the issues in attempting to make tourist travel more sustainable. It took as its case study Hadrian's Wall: a Roman-built fortication stretching from coast to coast across Northern England. This has created a popular linear tourist attraction, now a World Heritage site which has parallel walking, cycling, car, bus and train routes and so provides considerable potential for modal shift towards more sustainable travel. A series of in-depth interviews with the managers of tourist attractions along Hadrian's Wall provided information about the willingness to support more sustainable travel and the perceived barriers against modal shift. The paper reports how the respondents see their influence on modal choice in a rural and uncongested area and how sustainable travel competes with other priorities such as attracting visitors, preserving the archaeology, protecting the environment, invigorating the local economy, educating and enthusing the future guardians of the area's history. The interviews reveal how 'the concept' of Hadrian's Wall has been changed by collaboration and marketing, with attention focussed on local networks as well as terminal facilities. The paper describes how this has altered the way that the area's major generators of tourist travel view their markets and functions. However, the interviews demonstrate how moves towards more sustainable local tourism can be delayed by institutional change within contributing organisations, and local decisions swayed by the policies of national organisations. Local transport is frequently seen as a peripheral issue to organisations exerting considerable influence on the enactment of travel policy and practice in the area. Leisure travel, one of the fastest growing travel sectors, differs from other travel sectors: travellers are often unfamiliar with local transport networks, travel forms part of the activity, not simply providing access to the attraction and it involves different valuations of time. The paper discusses how this case study contributes to our understandings of how leisure travel might become more sustainable and the insights it offers to other transport sectors. For the covering abstract please see ITRD E135207.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Jan 2008 08:47:49 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Analysing travel patterns for cultural land use</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/846333</link>
      <description><![CDATA[It is well known that travel patterns are influenced by the land use system in urban areas. Different land uses influence in a different way travel patterns and more especially the choice of transport mode, the distance travelled, the number of daily trips made and the need to travel. Knowledge of travel patterns is essential to land use planners and also to transport planners in order to implement an efficient planning policy. Within the framework of this paper an analysis of the travel patterns for the Thessaloniki Concert Hall are presented and discussed. The Concert Hall opened on the 2nd of January 2000 and its auditorium has a total number of 1.500 places. A mix of developments characterizes the location where the Concert Hall is constructed and this fact significantly affects the accessibility level of the specific land use. The transport modes available for serving the area include private cars, taxi and public transport buses while walking is also an option to a certain extent. Congestion problems appear mainly during peak hours and the same applies in the case of parking problems. Facilities for pedestrians are rather inadequate to serve the demand in the area and this also affects travel patterns. For all these reasons the analysis of travel patterns in the case of Concert Hall is considered as a necessary step in order to design a series of measures for the relief of traffic and the provision of a safe environment for the pedestrians. Travel patterns are obtained through a questionnaire based survey. They are also asked to express their opinion about the level of services offered by public transport and the actions that need to be taken. The analysis of the travel patterns show, among others, that private cars actually constitute the main way of transport in the case of the Concert Hall despite public transport availability. Walking is an option for only a small portion of the visitors. On-street parking is a solution for a significant number of visitors despite the fact that organised off-street parking is available at a relatively short distance from the Concert Hall. Bus frequency seems to be the most important problem among all visitors and among the private car users. When analysing the public transport user, tariff seems to be the most important problem. For the covering abstract please see ITRD E135207.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Jan 2008 08:47:38 GMT</pubDate>
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