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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>LEAD-PLATINUM PROTECTS BART'S TRANS-BAY TUBE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/109664</link>
      <description><![CDATA[SPECIAL LEAD-PLATINUM BI-ELECTRODES ARE USED AS ANODES IN THE LARGE-SCALE CATHODIC PROTECTION OF THE BAY AREA RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM. THE ELECTRODES CONSIST OF SMALL PLATINUM INSERTS EMBEDDED IN LEAD RODS. INCLUSION OF THE PLATINUM CAUSES A CONSIDERABLE CHANGE IN FUNCTION OF THE LEAD AS AN ELECTRODE. ANODIC POLARIZATION OF THE COMBINATION ROD CAUSES THE FORMATION OF HIGHLY CONDUCTIVE LEAD PEROXIDE ON THE ROD'S SURFACE, RESULTING IN INCREASED FLOW OF CURRENT AND CONSEQUENT IMPROVEMENT IN THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE SYSTEM. THE SYSTEM CONSISTS OF 16 LEADED-PLATINUM ANODE ARRAYS PLACED ON BOTH SIDES OF THE TUBE APPROXIMATELY 100 YARDS FROM THE STEEL SHELL. THE ANODES REST ON CREOSOTED WOOD PLATFORMS 5 FT HIGH AND 30 FT LONG. CONCRETE BALLAST HOLDS THE PLATFORMS IN PLACE ON THE FLOOR OF THE BAY. EACH OF THE 1048 1B LEAD ANODES IS 3 INCHES IN DIAMETER AND 30 FT LONG, CONTAINING 75 PLATINUM INSERTS 0.0040 INCHES IN DIAMETER AND 1 INCH LONG. THE INSERTS PLACED AT 5 INCH INTERVALS, PENETRATE 0.75 INCH INTO THE LEAD. CURRENT TO THE ANODES AT 24 V DC, FEEDS FROM A RECTIFIER LOCATED IN THE RAIL TUBE. NEGATIVE TERMINALS OF THE ANODES CONNECT TO THE STEEL TUBE. CURRENT FROM THE PLATINUM AUGMENTED LEAD ANODES CANCELS OR NEUTRALIZES LOCAL CORROSIVE CURRENTS ACTING ON THE STEEL RAIL TUBE. THE TUBE ITSELF BECOMES A CATHODE WHOSE FUNCTION IS SIMILAR TO THAT OF THE POLE OF A LARGE BATTERY. OTHER USES OF LEAD-PLATINUM BI-ELECTRODES ARE MENTIONED.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/109664</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>MITIGATION OF INDUCED AC ON A BURIED OIL PIPELINE ALONG POWER LINE RIGHT-OF-WAY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/42062</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Large lateral space between the pipeline, tower footings and overhead cable minimized resistive and inductive coupling. Ungrounded or non-backfilled pipe posed potential hazards. Results also indicated that above-grade metal structures should not be located close to tower footings, and the use of nonmetallic materials should be considered whenever possible.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 13 Dec 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/42062</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>STRESS CORROSION AND HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT OF LINE-PIPE STEEL IN UNDERGROUND ENVIRONMENTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/17850</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A survey covers known cases of the rupture failure of gas transmission pipelines due to stress corrosion cracking; the nature of environments known to cause stress corrosion cracking; the possibility of embrittlement due to hydrogen from sources such as corrosion or cathodic protection; the characteristics of stress corrosion cracking in line pipe; and possible methods of minimizing cracking in line pipe, such as inhibitive primers or shot peening of the pipe surface.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Jul 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/17850</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CORROSION FATIGUE INITIATED BY OCEAN WAVES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/19287</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Test results on marine platforms show the average number of cycles in each stress range can be calculated from wave parameters (height and period) and a wave distribution function.  For low-cycle bending fatigue of 1018 steel in stress loading by ocean waves, (1) fatigue life is best represented by the total number of cycles in the absence of complete stress-strain information for each load cycle, (2) the fatigue life decreases linearly with increased maximum deflection (strain), and (3) corrosion decreases the fatigue life by approximately 50%.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Jul 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/19287</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>RP-01-69 UPDATED WITH 1972 REVISION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/19493</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The new edition of the National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) Standard RP-01-69, entitled "Control of External Corrosion on Underground or submerged Metallic Piping Systems", contains many editorial changes clarifying specific sections.  The new version will be identified as "NACE" Standard RP-01-69 (1972 Revision)".]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Jul 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/19493</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CORROSION CONTROL REQUIREMENTS IN PIPELINE SAFETY PROGRAMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/19526</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A discussion of U.S. Department of Transportation regulations for corrosion control covers the basic objectives; the general policy of the U.S. Office of Pipeline Safety to prescribe an adequate level of safety in terms of results; major changes made in proposed regulations before adoption of the final standards; responsibility of the regulated operating company for qualifying its own corrosion control personnel; federal-state relationships; and safety jurisdication over interstate pipelines by state agencies as agents of the Secretary of Transportation but without delegation of enforcement authority to the state agency.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Jul 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/19526</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>RESPONSE OF PIPELINE NETWORKS TO AC TRANSMISSION EFFECTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/19645</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Damage to a pipeline system and/or danger to pipeline personnel are potential electrical effects when there is an a-c transmission line in proximity to the pipeline (conduction of stray currents, ground currents, lightning) or parallel to the line (induced voltages).  Fault conditions in the transmission line give momentary high voltages in pipes which are aboveground or electrically insulated by protective coatings.  Damage may result to cathodic protection systems, coatings, or the pipe.  High voltages are the result of combinations of a large number of factors.  The complex relationships among these factors are set forth together with recommendations for avoiding or mitigating troublesome or dangerous situations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Jul 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/19645</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CORROSION AND CATHODIC PROTECTION OF 5086-H32 ALUMINUM COUPLED TO DISSIMILAR METALS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/19058</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study was initiated to determine the corrosion characteristics of 5086-H32 aluminum in sea water.  Another objective was to determine whether cathodic protection could prevent the accelerated corrosion of 5086-H32 aluminum coupled to dissimilar metals.  This report summarizes and correlates data from specimens exposed for several time periods at different exposure locations.  (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 07 May 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/19058</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES FOR CATHODIC PROTECTION OF FLEET MOORINGS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/19059</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The corrosion protection systems used by U.S. Navy shore facilities for fleet moorings include cathodic protection systems used in conjunction with coal tar coatings on the mooring chains.  This article discusses the basic types of mooring designs that are used, and the type of cathodic protection systems used in these designs.  Also discussed are further investigations into cathodic protection using a new type and design of anode, and results of field testing are given.  Conclusions that were reached include: (1) easier replacement of consumed anodes with the new type of anode, (2) cathodic protection systems can be installed by divers, and (3) by utilizing two 500-lb zinc anodes, a coated 225-ft ground leg can be cathodically protected for fifteen years before anode replacement is necessary.  Cost comparisons for moorings with and without cathodic protection systems are also included in the article.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 07 May 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/19059</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>VINYL COATINGS FOR MISSISSIPPI RIVER LOCKS AND DAMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/109663</link>
      <description><![CDATA[AN IMMERSION SECTION OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER DAM PAINTED WITH A VINYL SYSTEM CONTAINING AN ABRASION RESISTANT SILICON CARBIDE ADDITIVE WAS OBSERVED TO BE IN GOOD CONDITION AFTER 15 YEARS. VINYL ALUMINUM TOP COATS WERE USED ON THE UPPER PART OF THE TAINTER GATES. AFTER 20 YEARS, THESE ABOVE-WATER SECTIONS WERE IN EXCELLENT CONDITION. EXAMINATION OF A DAM APPLIED WITH A VINYL SYSTEM OF WASH PRIMER, VINYL RED LEAD AND VINYL ALUMINUM TOPCOAT, SHOWED ONLY MINOR WATERLINE DISTRESS FROM ABRASION AFTER 9 YEARS. AN ABRASION AND CORROSION RESISTANT VINYL PAINT SYSTEM WHICH CONSISTS OF ZINC RICH VINYL PAINT PRIMER, AND RED OXIDE VINYL TOPCOATS WHICH CONTAIN SILICON CARBIDE GRIT ARE DESCRIBED. THIS SYSTEM, APPLIED TO THE BOTTOM 6 FT OF A TAINTER GATE EXPOSED TO TURBULENT WATER, DEBRIS AND ICE, WAS IN EXCELLENT CONDITION AFTER 6 YEARS OF SERVICE. VINYLS CAN BE APPLIED IN COLD WEATHER. THIS ALLOWS PAINTING IN WINTER WHEN THE RIVER IS CLOSED. THE VINYL SYSTEMS USED ON THE MISSISSIPPI GATES HAVE A FILM THICKNESS OF 6 TO 8 MILS APPLIED IN 4 TO 5 COATS. FEWER COATS WILL BE NEEDED WITH THE NEW HIGH BUILD VINYL PAINTS CONTAINING GLASS FLAKES AND A SILANE.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 27 Apr 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/109663</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>VINYL POWDER COATINGS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/109634</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH SOLVENT BASED FINISHES AND LEGISLATION AGAINST ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION HAVE EMPHASIZED THE NEED FOR THE COATINGS INDUSTRY TO SEEK NEW WAYS TO CIRCUMVENT THE AIR POLLUTION PROBLEM. SEVERAL ALTERNATIVES CURRENTLY BEING CONSIDERED ARE: (1) SOLVENT RECOVERY, (2) SOLVENT INCINERATION, AND (3) APPLICATION OF COATINGS WHICH DO NOT EMIT VOLATILE ORGANIC MATERIALS. ALL OF THESE APPROACHES TO REDUCING AIR POLLUTION ARE IN COMMERICAL USE TODAY. THIS ARTICLE DEALS WITH NON-VOLATILE ORGANIC POWDER COATING WITH SPECIFIC EMPHASIS ON VINYL POWDERS. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 27 Apr 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/109634</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>POLYETHYLENE PROTECTIVE COATING TAPES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/109661</link>
      <description><![CDATA[PLASTIC TAPES USED AS CORROSION PROTECTIVE COATINGS FOR UNDERGROUND PIPELINES ARE BACKED WITH EITHER POLYETHYLENE OR POLYVINYLCHLORIDE. POLYETHYLENE TAPES OFFER ADVANTAGES OF THERMAL, CHEMICAL, AND PHYSICAL STABILITY; DUCTILITY AND FLEXIBILITY; ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE; MOISTURE ADSORPTION; AND EASE OF APPLICATION. POLYETHYLENE TAPE PROTECTIVE COATINGS CAN BE APPLIED DURING EXTREME SUMMER AND WINTER WEATHER CONDITIONS, INCLUDING TEMPERATURES AS LOW AS -34 C (-29F) AND AS HIGH AS 71 C (160 F), BY MANUAL APPLICATIONS TO STRAIGHT-RUN AND ODD-CONTOURED PIPING STRUCTURES; HAND OPERATED TAPE WRAPPING MACHINES ON SHORT RUNS OF LARGE OR SMALL DIAMETER PIPE STRUCTURES; AND POWER DRIVEN TAPE WRAPPING EQUIPMENT FOR THE OVER-THE-DITCH APPLICATION. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 03 Apr 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/109661</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SOIL RESISTIVITY-MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/126501</link>
      <description><![CDATA[AN EXTENSIVE RESISTIVITY SURVEY WAS UNDERTAKEN IN SOUTH CENTRAL ONTARIO TO DEVELOP CORRELATIONS OF SOIL CONDITION WITH THE CONDITION OF BURIED GAS PIPELINES. BOTH THE WENNER 4-PIN METHOD AT GRADE AND SOIL BOX WITH SAMPLES AUGERED FROM THE PIPE DITCH WERE USED. COMPARISON OF THE DATA SHOWED THE READINGS OBTAINED FROM THE SOIL BOX MEASUREMENTS TO BE CONSISTENTLY LOWER THAN THOSE PROVIDED FROM THE AT-GRADE SURVEY. READINGS WERE ANALYZED VISUALLY AND STATISTICALLY. READINGS OBTAINED WITH THE SOIL BOX PROVED MORE RELIABLE. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE INVESTIGATION PROCEDURE. MEASUREMENTS WERE MADE IN OPEN SPACES. SOIL SAMPLES WERE OBTAINED FROM GAS COMPANY ROUTINE EXCAVATIONS. IF GROUND WATER WAS PRESENT, THE SAMPLE WAS FULLY MOISTENED WITH IT. IF NO GROUNDWATER WAS PRESENT, THE SAMPLE WAS SATURATED WITH LOCAL TAP WATER. THE SURVEY IN METRO TORONTO IS ALSO DESCRIBED. THE ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES BEST SUITED FOR ANALYSIS OF THE LARGE VOLUME OF DATA IS DESCRIBED. THESE PROCEDURES REQUIRED THAT THE MEASUREMENTS BE RANKED IN ASCENDING ORDER AND ASSIGNED PROBABILITES (ILLUSTRATED IN FIGURE). WHERE POSSIBLE, SOIL BOX DATA WERE COMPARED WITH DATA FROM AT GRADE SURVEYS. RESULTS OF SUCH COMPARISON ARE TABULATED. RECOMMENDATIONS ARE MADE REGARDING THE PERFORMANCE OF RESISTIVITY SURVEYS. SUCH SURVEYS INTENDED TO DETERMINE THE CORROSIVITY OF SOIL IN CONTACT WITH PIPELINES SHOULD BE CARRIED OUT BY RANDOMLY AUGERING SOIL SAMPLES FROM THE PIPE DITCH AT PIPE DEPTH. SOIL MEASUREMENTS SHOULD BE MADE ON FULLY MOISTENED SAMPLES COMPACTED IN A SOIL BOX INCORPORATING SEPARATE ELECTRODES FOR CURRENT AND POTENTIAL MEASUREMENT. WHEN EVALUATION OF SOIL CONDITIONS IS NECESSARY FOR A FUTURE PIPELINE AND RELIABLE DATA FOR THE LOCATION IS NOT AVAILABLE, SOIL TYPES SHOULD BE IDENTIFIED USING A SOIL MAP. WHEN RESISTIVITY DATA IS REPORTED, THE MANNER OF TESTING SHOULD BE SUFFICIENTLY DESCRIBED, PARTICULARY IF SOIL BOX MEASUREMENTS ARE INVOLVED.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 03 Apr 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/126501</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CATHODIC PROTECTION OF MISSISSIPPI RIVER DOCK</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/18425</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A cathodic protection system, which was designed to protect the submerged portion of steel pilings supporting the tanker loading dock serving an oil terminal, is described in the article.  Descriptions included are of a current requirement test and its results, which were used to determine the amount of current needed to protect the pier, the actual system that was installed and its performance, and a coupon test which was undertaken to obtain more information on current distribution and shielding effects on those pilings which were not receiving cathodic protection.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 28 Feb 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/18425</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CATHODIC PROTECTION OF SHIP HULLS AND RELATED PARTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/18426</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This report is a summary of current information and practices in the cathodic protection of hulls.  Included in the article are descriptions of cathodic protection systems, with sources of the protective current, the influence of hull coating systems on cathodic protection systems, design requirements for cathodic protection systems, and factors which influence the current requirements are also described in the article.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 28 Feb 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/18426</guid>
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