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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>MODEL SYSTEMS FOR PASSENGER TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT. SEMINAR HELD IN DECEMBER 1992</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/457962</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Management Group for Personal Transport at the Swedish Transport and Communications Research Board (KFB) held a seminar in December 1992 in the city of Sigtuna, Sweden. The seminar was about model systems for passenger traffic management and this report summarizes the papers and proceedings from the seminar. The purpose of this seminar was to establish the state-of-the-art within the area to assess the needs of further research about model system for passenger traffic management. For details of papers presented at the conference see IRRD 875382-875390.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Mar 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>COMPUTER SIMULATION OF HOUSEHOLDS' TRIP DECISIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/457963</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Using the program SCHEDULER-2, the assumptions made are: each activity in long term calender at time has a certain utility which varies with time since execution of activity. A decision is made to carry out an activity when difference between utility and cost of activity is positive. Whether available time is sufficient for an activity is decided by TIME PRESS. Journeys are assessed by TRAVT and WAITT. Shortcomings: households regarded to comprise 1 individual; changes over time must be considered. Development so far has been based on qualitative principles of how people make decisions. Sensitivity analyses will be made. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 875381.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Mar 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>STATED PREFERENCES - SURVEY METHOD INFLUENCES RESULTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/457964</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Much research today studies how the bias which may be associated with stated preference method can be corrected, and how the collection procedure influences the results. This study relates to the latter. In an interview survey it was found that value placed on time may vary by a factor of 2-3 merely as a result of interview structure. Analyses show that 'lexicographic' resposes - i.e. when person interviewed sorts alternatives according to a single or small number of factors - are the principal cause of these differences. Alternatives must be adapted to the person interviewed for responses to be reliable. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 875381.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Mar 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>EQUILIBRIUM MODELS FOR TRIP ASSIGNMENT AND ESTIMATION OF O-D MATRICES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/457965</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Mathematically, estimation of an O-D matrix by assuming user equilibrium is a non-convex problem. The reasonable solution strategy is to gradually adjust the O-D matrix and reduce value of destination function. The difficulty is to determine the gradient. The error in approximating the gradient is that no account is taken of shape of trip time functions. A proportional rise in flow on each route affects trip times on these routes by different amounts, i.e. flow no longer satisfies equilibrium assumption. A solution method is proposed in which gradient is calculated more accurately so that convergence can be guaranteed. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 875381.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Mar 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/457965</guid>
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      <title>VIPS II: A SYSTEM FOR EVALUATION OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/457966</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Public transport users either do or do not use timetables. If none is used, only one stop is relevant for choice of route. If timetable is used, faster route is chosen 3 times as frequently as slower one. If travellers have timetable knowledge but model assumes no knowledge, introduction of new route is shown to have no utility although correct value is a gain. Results regarding improvement in standards and route choice are thus highly sensitive to assumption concerning use or otherwise of timetable. Wrong assumption can have disastrous consequences for predictions and cost-benefit analyses. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 875381.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Mar 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/457966</guid>
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      <title>URBAN STRUCTURE, LAND USE AND TRAVEL PATTERNS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/457967</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Normative and positive approaches for the analysis of urban structure, land use and travel pattern are discussed. Combination of normative and positive analyses of land and transport pattern is an interesting task for future research. The problem is characterised by goal conflicts between system and user optima. One possibility is to try and achieve consistency between assumptions for the normative analysis and predictions of market development by iterations between the models SALT and TRANSAKT. Amalgamation of the two types of analyses into a 'two-level model'is studied. Such models have been developed for national road planning. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 875381.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Mar 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/457967</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>TRANSPORT AND LAND USE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/457968</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Three model systems for the analysis of transport and land use are briefly presented. IMREL and the model system for passenger traffic in Maelar Region have been used in practice to generate the decision base regarding the 'Dennis package' and regional railways in the region, while MEPLAN is still under development. Both IMREL and passenger traffic model can and should be further developed. Spatial resolution in IMREL will be enhanced and it may be calibrated for another region. The experiences and databases produced in developing these model systems will be utilised in final calibration of a MEPLAN prototype for the Maelar Region. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 875381.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Mar 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>SWEDISH BOARD OF TRANSPORT MODEL SYSTEM FOR PASSENGER TRAFFIC</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/457969</link>
      <description><![CDATA[During its 11 year existence, the Swedish Board of Transport developed a coherent model system for all journeys in Sweden. The entire system was calibrated against the 84/85 travel pattern survey. It comprised a model system for short (<100 km) local/regional journeys; one for long (>100 km)(inter-regional) journeys; a model for car ownership; a database with population data, trip matrices, traffic supply for regional journeys; models for further analysis of prediction results. The system is based on the following submodels and explanatory factors: trip generation, choice of destination, choice of mode. Plans were also made for models for connecting journeys. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 875381.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Mar 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/457969</guid>
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      <title>MODEL SYSTEMS FOR TRAFFIC ANALYSES AND TRAFFIC PREDICTIONS FOR PASSENGER TRANSPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/457970</link>
      <description><![CDATA[SAMPLAN is a computerised interlinked system of models. The object is to calculate travel by different modes and for different purposes. The greatest problem is to obtain correct and consistent data for all variables for both a base year and one or more prediction years. The problem in calibration is to determine which estimated model parameters and user-controlled parameters can be legitimately varied and by how much. Model systems have a role in future transport planning. It is more important to find an effective level in addressing specific planning and decision problems than to employ a single highly disaggregated model. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 875381.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Mar 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/457970</guid>
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      <title>A MODEL SYSTEM FOR STOCKHOLM COUNTY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/457971</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The model system described is the most complete one so far developed anywhere. It treats a high proportion of total travel. Vehicle allocation models are the first of their kind, and models for secondary destinations are the first implemented in a system. Interactions between household members in choosing workplaces have not been treated before. The greatest strength of system is that it treats journeys by individuals and households more fully and realistically than has been possible. It can also be used in practice for traffic planning. An optimum balance must be struck between complexity and measurement errors. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 875381.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 20 Mar 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/457971</guid>
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