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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>FEELINGS OF INSECURITY AMONG PERSONNEL OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/483170</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Feelings of insecurity arise by an interaction between a human be a situation and an offender, which is a potential threat. Personn in public transport are exposed to all kinds of vandalism. This causes negative consequenses, such as the trend to do nothing aga it anymore, stress on the working scene and illness. Public trans has to become again a social shelter. Some recommendations are as less as possible undergroud stations or stops, no delay in the timetable, good information about the situation, consequent ticke control, more possibilities for criminal investigation, computer controlled magnetic tickets, controllers in public transport, cle stations, education and enforcement. For the covering abstract of book see IRRD 887701.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 27 Jun 2004 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT JOURNEY-PLANNER, NOW AND IN THE FUTURE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/468845</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Since the introduction in 1992 of the Journey Planner has given m than seven million times information on journeys by telephone. Th development of the Journey Planner has been ongoing. The main new developments are the integration of more and more information, an the use of telematics in the near future to provide still more information in an easy way at less costs. For the covering abstra of the conference see IRRD 884059.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 26 Dec 2001 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/468845</guid>
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      <title>INSECURITY AS AN IMAGE PROBLEM</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/483171</link>
      <description><![CDATA[People feel unsafe in public transport, in particular this applies in the evening to old people and women. They take a taxi or travel in daylight. Other people feel unsafe when they are travelling on public transport with groups of drunk young adolescents. Recommendations to prevent their feelings of insecurity are: (1) to keep stations and stops clean; (2) no mobs of drugs addicts, alcoholics; (3) controllers in every bus, tram, metro and train, and on the platforms; (4) better lighting, video circuits and alarm buttons; (5) special attention for female passengers; and (6) publicity campaigns to promote safety in public transport. For the covering abstract of the book see IRRD 887701.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Jun 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>THE SPATIAL APPROACH</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/483172</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The environment has influence on criminal behaviour. The possibility for such behaviour increases when accommodations are easy accessible for no authorized persons, and when there is not enough control. When designing stations or stopping places for public transport it should be taken into account that even the weakest passengers, like old people, children, disabled people must feel safe. Criteria are presented for the design of stations and stops for public transport and their environment. For the covering abstract of the book see IRRD 887701.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Jun 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/483172</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>SOCIAL INSECURITY: FEELINGS AND FACTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/483163</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Feelings of insecurity are caused by the idea that something can happen to you and the idea that you can not do anything against it. The starker the feelings are, the more insecure people feel themselves. Women feel often more insecure than men, and old men feel more insecure than young men. The last group think wrongly that nothing can happen to them. The personnel in public transport, in particular the controlling personnel, have reasons to feel unsafe themselves. They are confronted with aggressiveness of passengers. Some experiences of vulnerability and fear, loneliness, and not able to cope with the situation are described. For the covering abstract of the book see IRRD 887701.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Jun 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/483163</guid>
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      <title>NUISANCE BY YOUNG PEOPLE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/483164</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In the years after the World War II the nuisance by young people has increased much by different reasons. Radical changes in the society and in the family life, have given the possibility for more criminality in shops and public places and public transport by less surveying personnel. Often young people has already a punishment book for not paying for public transport or damages. Young people form their own groups and are against the adults. Prevention is the best policy, more enforcement leads to more escalation of the problem. For the covering abstract of the book see IRRD 887701.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Jun 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/483164</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>JUNKS IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/483165</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Passengers in public transport indicate that alcohol and drug addicts give the most nuisance for them. Railway and metro stations have become their residence, they attack the passengers or steal their belongings. The approach of attack of the alcohol and drug scene is not for the public transport, but public transport can take their own measures to prevent the criminality and the nuisance by the addicts. Some of these measures are a limited access to the stations by a better control or by the duty to have an access ticket. For the covering abstract of the book see IRRD 887701.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Jun 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/483165</guid>
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      <title>AGGRESSION AGAINST PERSONNEL IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/483166</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Different kinds of aggression are described, as well as how they are caused. The reactive aggression in which someone acts aggressively on the stimuli of the environment, is described in more detail. The reactive aggression is a combination of different acquired behaviour and is mainly aimed at the weaker ones. Aggression signals which cause this aggression can vary. It can be a policeman or a ticket-inspector in uniform. Aggression is becoming more and more evident, but something can prevent it. Examples of aggression in public transport are discussed. An effective anti-aggression policy is the prevention of aggressive behaviour. For the covering abstractof the book see IRRD 887701.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Jun 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/483166</guid>
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      <title>AGGRESSION AGAINST PASSENGERS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/483167</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Aggression against passengers on public transport can be caused by too little personal space, not well (or not enough) trained public transport personnel, or by not taking adequate measures. Different groups show different (aggressive) behaviour, such as the malicious behaviour of school children, drunken persons, football supporters and the hard nucleus of criminal young people. The most common measures to prevent this are not always effective. The place of cameras are often well known and offenders do not come into the picture. Directed surveillance is more successfull than the arbitrary extra personnel. If the offender is not directly detected and punished his criminal behaviour can become recidive. For the covering abstract of the book see IRRD 887701.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Jun 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/483167</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>VANDALISM AND DESTRUCTIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/483168</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Vandalism is aimed at destructions with no other purpose than to destruct. On the first sight, vandalism is useless, only aimed at the destruction of the properties of others. This chapter shows that vandals make a cost benefit analysis of their actions. The joy of doing so and the chance to bepunished. This analysis is described in detail to get a starting point for effective measures to prevent vandalism in public transport. For the covering abstract of the book see IRRD 887701.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Jun 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/483168</guid>
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      <title>GRAFFITI, THE "MOST BEAUTIFUL" CRIMINALITY THERE IS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/483169</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Graffiti does a lot of damage to buses, trams, underground railways, and to walls of stations. The prevention of this art is difficult, but some countermeasures are presented. A wall with vegetation or relief, education on schools, the psychological approach, a better surveillance and enforcement, and the sentence to clean the walls and transport modes are described. For the covering abstract of the book see IRRD 887701.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Jun 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/483169</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>2001: A PUBLIC TRANSPORT ODYSSEE? PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN NIEUW-OOST</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/468846</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In the beginning of 1994 the central government, the province of North Holland and the region of Amsterdam did agree on the design of the New East region of Amsterdam. In the region twelve thousand houses will be built by the city of Amsterdam, and the government will finance the infrastructure, the sanitation of the soil, and exploitation of the ground. This paper discusses the question if the public transport in the New East region will be optimal, and will satisfy to the aim of a public transport modal split of 60%. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 884059.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Dec 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/468846</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CLOSED ENTREE POLICY IN THE METRO OF AMSTERDAM</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/468847</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Results are presented of a survey into the effects of a limited entry policy for the underground railway. Reasons were the not paying passengers, the use of drugs and the lack of safety in the metro. Possibilities for the policy are the use of tourniquets, a better control of the tickets, automatic entree controle. The latter with a metro ticket with a magnetic strip. A study has been made for the development of such a ticket. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 884059.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Dec 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/468847</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PUBLIC TRANSPORT, PERSONAL MOBILITY AND SOCIETY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/468848</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Improvement of public transport can provide an important aid to the reduction of traffic congestion in urban areas, in particular in peak hours. But improvements in the road network and a better public transport will not be sufficient to obtain the requirements of the reduction of waiting times with 66 percent. Therefore other measures should be taken which guide the mobility, such as road pricing, higher prices of fuel, and a more stringent parking policy. Public transport can be an important alternative for mobility for those people which will use the car less, due to these measures. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 884059.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Dec 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/468848</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TRANSPORT MADE TO MEASURE, ONE YEAR OF COLLECTIVE CLOSED TRANSPORT FOR PEOPLE WITH A LIMITED MOBILITY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/468849</link>
      <description><![CDATA[After the introduction in 1994 of the Law for Provisions for Persons with a limited mobility local authorities have to provide transport for disabled people. The city of Rotterdam has chosen for a collective closed system, the 'Transport on Measure'. Together with the general public transport the system makes it possible for about 13000 of these people to make trips for the same price as with public transport. At the moment about 2200 trips are made per day. The system has an important social function in the abolishment or prevention of social isolation. Soon the chip-card will be introduced for paying. In the future the system can be expanded for commuting, transport to school and for transport of ill persons, for which no ambulance is needed. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 884093.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Dec 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/468849</guid>
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