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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>Relationship between physicochemical evolution and the failure process of flax fibers aged in water</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1899294</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Increasing environmental concern has put forward the use of flax fibers instead of glass fibers in composite materials. However, durability performances of these bio-fibers remain one of their main issues. This study focuses on the hydrothermal aging of flax fibers. Flax tows were immersed in distilled water at a temperature of 80 °C for different durations. The effect of the hydrothermal aging on mechanical properties of flax tows was evaluated. Results showed a strong decrease in the maximal strength and the stiffness by 31% and 49%, respectively, until one week of aging. Multi-scale analyses were realized to explain these evolutions. Morphological characterization highlighted a washing of fiber surfaces during the hydrothermal aging, extracting amorphous components as pectins, lignins and amorphous hemicelluloses from cortical tissues. We showed that this morphological evolution impacted the fiber crystallinity. Based on a mechanical analysis, we showed that amorphous components extraction may be at the origin of the material softening. Moreover, the amorphous phase in particular the natural binder pectin would play a major role in the fiber stiffness but does not modify the flaws at the origin of failure.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Dec 2021 16:36:34 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1899294</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF QUARTZ PARTICLES FROM POSTGLACIAL CLAY SOILS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/126458</link>
      <description><![CDATA[QUARTZ PARTICLES FROM THE NORWEGIAN LODALEN CLAY AND THE CANADIAN ST JEAN VIANNEY CLAY HAVE BEEN EXAMINED BY ELECTRON MICROSCOPY. THE HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRON MICROSCOPE IN PARTICULAR ALLOWS THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE AND THE SURFACE NATURE TO BE EXAMINED. DISLOCATION NETWORKS HAVE BEEN OBSERVED IN THE QUARTZ PARTICLES AND ALSO MOIRE PATTERNS SUGGESTING REGIONS OF STRUCTURAL DEFORMATION. THE PARTICLES HAVE A PLATE-LIKE SHAPE WITH A HABIT PLANE PARALLEL TO THE BASAL PLANE WHICH SUGGESTS THAT AT SMALL PARTICLE SIZES (APPROXIMATELY 3 MICROMETERS) A CLEAVAGE MECHANISM MAY OPERATE IN QUARTZ. THE EDGES OF THE PARTICLES APPEAR TO BE HEAVILY DEFORMED AND CRACKING FRAGMENTATION IS APPARENT WHICH MAY CORRESPOND TO THE DEFORMED LATTICE REGION OF LIDSTROM. THE OBSERVATIONS CAST SOME LIGHT ON THE ORIGIN OF THE SENSITIVITY OF THE STRENGTH OF SUCH CLAYS TO DISTURBANCE. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Sep 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/126458</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE THEORETICAL PREDICTION OF THE CRACKING STRESS OF GLASS FIBRE REINFORCED INORGANIC CEMENT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/100396</link>
      <description><![CDATA[PREVIOUS RESEARCH HAS DEMONSTRATED THAT THE STRENGTH OF HIGH-ALUMINA CEMENT REINFORCED WITH GLASS FIBERS DOES NOT DETERIORATE WITH TIME OWING TO POSSIBLE ATTACK ON THE FIBERS BY ALKALIS OF THE CEMENT PASTE; IN ADDITION, AN ALKALINE- RESISTANT GLASS THAT CAN BE USED WITH PORTLAND CEMENT HAS BEEN DEVELOPED. FROM THIS RESEARCH IT BECAME APPARENT THAT THE GOVERNING VALUE OF STRESS IN THE DESIGN OF ANY STRUCTURAL COMPONENT WOULD BE THE CRACKING STRESS RATHER THAN THE ULTIMATE TENSILE STRESS, SINCE BEYOND A GIVEN POINT ON THE STRESS--STRAIN CURVE IRREVERSIBLE DEFORMATION OCCURS AS A RESULT OF CRACK PROPAGATION. IN THE PRESENT PAPER A THEORETICAL PREDICTION, BASED ON FRACTURE MECHANICS, IS PROPOSED FOR THE CRACKING STRESS OF FIBER-REINFORCED INORGANIC CEMENT, AND THE RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS CONDUCTED TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS ARE PRESENTED. THE PREDICTIVE METHOD WAS FOUND TO BE IN GOOD AGREEMENT WITH THE EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 17 Apr 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/100396</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>INFLUENCE OF ADMIXTURES ON STRENGTH DEVELOPMENT OF PORTLAND CEMENT AND ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF TRICALCIUM SILICATE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/65546</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The influence of various inorganic salts, used as additives to Portland cement paste, on strength development was studied.  The salts used were: CaCl2, CrC13, Cd12.  It was found that CaC12 and Crc13 accelerate the rate of strength development, while Cd12 was observed.  The effect of the same admixtures on the microstructure of hydrated tricalcium silicate was examined by a scanning electron microscope, and correlation between the morphology of the simple system and the mechanical behaviour of the complex cement system is discussed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 16 Jan 1977 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/65546</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>STUDY OF PORTLAND CEMENT FRACTURE SURFACES BY SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY TECHNIQUES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/39957</link>
      <description><![CDATA[An extensive scanning microscopy study was carried out with respect to the fracture surfaces of portland cement hydrated for various times. It is shown that the two major products of hydration are calcium silicate hydrate spherulites, which consist of radiating fibres and calcium hydroxide platelets. These fibres bond with one another to hold the spherulites together. The volume between the spherulites consists of calcium hydroxide platelets. The fracture is frequently found to be across the weakly bonded basal planes of the calcium hydroxide, and is believed to limit the strength of the portland cement.  /Author/TRRL/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 18 Oct 1975 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/39957</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>STUDY OF PORTLAND CEMENT FRACTURE SURFACES BY SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY TECHNIQUES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/138968</link>
      <description><![CDATA[An extensive scanning electron microscopy study was carried out with respect to the fracture surfaces of portland cement hydrated for various times.  It is shown that the two major products of hydration are calcium silicate hydrate spherulites, which consists of radiating fibers and calcium hydroxide platelets.  These fibers bond with one another to hold the spherulites together.  The volume between the spherulites consists of calcium hydroxide platelets.  The fracture is frequently found to be across the weekly bonded basal planes of the calcium hydroxide, and is believed to limit the strength of the portland cement.  /Author/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 22 Oct 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/138968</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>FRACTURE TOUGHNESS AND ABSORBED ENERGY MEASUREMENTS IN IMPACT TESTS ON BRITTLE MATERIALS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/18400</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Previous work on impact testing has shown that the energy/unit area (w) normally measured in notched impact tests is dependent on specimen geometry.  A fracture mechanical analysis has now been developed to account for the observed dependence of w on notch size.  A correction factor has been derived to accommodate notch effects and this allows for the calculation of the strain energy release-rate G directly from the measured fracture energies. The experimental results on polymethyl methacrylate show that there is an additional energy term which must be accounted for and this has been interpreted as being due to kinetic energy losses in the specimens.  A conservation of momentum analysis has allowed a realistic correction term to be calculated to include kinetic energy effects and the normalized experimental results show complete consistency between all the geometries used in the test series.  It is concluded that the analysis resolves many of the difficulties associated with notched impact testing and provides for the calculation of realistic fracture toughness parameters.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 28 Feb 1974 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/18400</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>OBSERVATIONS AND THOUGHTS ON STRESS CORROSION MECHANISM. 1970 GILLETT MEMORIAL LECTURE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2664</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The review covers early work on stress corrosion cracking (SCC), corrosion fracture processes in austenitic stainless steels exposed to chloride-containing environments, the role of corrosion in the self-generation of stress, corrosion product hydrogen as a factor in SCC, SCC in low-temperature acid-chloride systems, anodic polarization and SCC, initiation stage in SCC, electron fractography of crack surfaces, and role of surface enrichment in SCC.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 25 Nov 1972 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/2664</guid>
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