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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
    <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://trid.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Effect of low velocity impact at pre-stressed condition on curved glass-carbon composites laminate</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683435</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A curved composite panel is used in aircraft parts such as wings and engine cowling in order to improve their impact resistance to different types of impact loads. The effect of size reduction in the tensile pre-stress behaviour of low velocity impact on different materials such as glass and glass/carbon hybrid is examined in this paper. The effects of low velocity impact behaviour of two different pre-stressed curved laminates are taken for consideration and examined under impact loading. The objective of this research is to improve the efficiency of curved laminate by changing the hybrid composition such as glass/carbon with varied stacking sequence. The present studies using hybrid composition have shown that the load carrying capacity is higher in convex laminates while the damaged surface area in convex laminates is very less.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2020 15:16:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683435</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Design, analysis and topology optimization of a connecting rod for single cylinder 4–stroke petrol engine</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683429</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The aim of the study is to design, analyse and carry out a topology optimization of a connecting rod for single cylinder four stroke petrol engines. In order to obtain a 3D CAD model from existing physical connecting rod is developed through reverse engineering. A three dimensional CAD model of a connecting rod has been created using SOLIDWORKS and it is imported to ANSYS for the coupled steady-state thermal structural analysis, to verify the design of a connecting rod before and after weight reduction. For material optimization, three different aluminium alloy materials such as ADC12, LM6 and Al 6061–T6 alloy were used. From the results obtained from coupled steady-state thermal structural analysis and topology optimization, the optimized design of a connecting rod of Al 6061-T6 alloy shows the von-mises stress of 33.17 MPa, factor of safety 8.32 and total deformation 45.023 mm as compared to other two materials. Based on the topology optimization methodology, it is noted that Al 6061-T6 connecting rod material reduced the weight up to 7.98 % as compared with ADC12 without compromising the strength to weight ratio and ductility.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Jul 2020 16:21:02 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683429</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Experimental analysis of heavy vehicle hydraulic retarder during downhill driving</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683425</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The traditional control method of hydraulic retarder has poor control effect, and a precise control method of hydraulic retarder for heavy vehicle running downhill is proposed in this paper. The dynamics of heavy vehicle is analysed. According to the analysis, the auxiliary braking performance of hydraulic retarder is studied. The hydraulic retarder assembly with closed structure is designed. On this basis, the preliminary control and secondary control of the hydraulic retarder are carried out to realize its precise control. Experimental results show that the dynamic deviation of the retarder speed controlled by the proposed method is 45% lower than that of the traditional method. The proposed method has low energy consumption and strong feasibility.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Jul 2020 09:38:42 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683425</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A catalytic tar reduction methodology for gaseous fuels</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1680572</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The exploitation of fossil fuels has led to the emerging of gaseous fuel for the automobile engines. The researchers are in the search of producer gas from forest woods. In the process of bio gasification, tar is the major obstacle to produce high efficiency gaseous fuel. In this research work, a catalytic tar mitigation process is framed with nickel (Ni) based catalyst. The Ni based nano Si and Ti catalysts are synthesized using deposition-precipitation method. The synthesized Ni-Si and Ni-Ti catalysts are characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope(TEM). The surface area and pore volume are calculated by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda methods to justify the catalytic active surface. A design of experiments (DoE) is framed with L12 design table for the 2 level factors (catalyst, catalyst weight, bed temperature and gas feed rate) for the tar concentration response. The signal to noise (SN) ratio and mean of the factors are analysed to identify the significance. As the outcome of the statistical analysis, it is concluded that the minimum tar concentration of 0.47(mg/Nm3) is attained for the 10% of Ni-Si catalyst with the bed temperature of 800°C and gas feed rate of 0.01 l/s.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jul 2020 14:40:49 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1680572</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CFD analysis of curved convergent-divergent nozzle: Technical note</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1680571</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A nozzle for the aircraft can be designed by considering the exit Mach number. In order to get a premeditated Mach number, the authors' need to convert pressure energy into kinetic energy by using a nozzle. Convergent nozzles are utilized for subsonic flows while Convergent-Divergent (C-D) nozzle is utilized for supersonic flows. Curved nozzle flow is accelerated from low subsonic to sonic velocity at the throat and further expanded to supersonic velocities at the exit, in a C-D nozzle. This paper details the relevancies on designing a curved nozzle to attain super-sonic flow and maximizing the optimal thrust and devoid of flow separation due to shock waves. The navigation of the flow must be parallel to the axis of the nozzle for achieving extreme thrust and proficiency. Based on the fundamental gas dynamic equations, this study aims to develop a theoretical approach for the calculation of the flow properties along the axis of the C-D Nozzle. The flow conditions were selected in consideration of the pressure, temperature and gases accessible at the exit of the combustion chamber.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jul 2020 14:40:49 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1680571</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Numerical studies on combustion characterization of four stroke diesel engine</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1680566</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Combustion simulation helps the authors to predict the pollutant formation and allows the authors to understand various coupling phenomena of physical and chemical processes. Diesel engine combustion simulation requires models of the spray dynamics, chemistry and heat transfer. The interaction between the chemistry and turbulence is one of the major parameters which had been modelled. Combustion simulation has been carried out by using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). CFD model solves three-dimensional Naiver-Stokes equations with k-e turbulence model. Combustion simulation has been carried out for one cycle by considering the two strokes compression and expansion with no load conditions. Fuel injection begins at 725°CA ends at 748°CA. Charge motion within the cylinder, turbulent kinetic energy, peak pressure rise, penetration length, and apparent heat release rate were analysed with respect to crank angle.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jul 2020 14:40:49 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1680566</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Dynamic load test based data-logger turbomatching of B60J67 A58N70 and A58N75 turbochargers for tata 497 TCIC-BS III engine-an investigation</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1680562</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Turbocharger matching is a process of matching a turbocharger to the desired engine. Many methods were proposed to perform the best match but they failed at certain cases. Due to inherent character of centrifugal compressor less torque develops poor transient response compared to naturally aspired engine. The mismatch of turbocharger will lead to poor performance. This research adapts, on road test based data logger turbomatching. In this investigation the matching performances of different turbochargers with a TATA truck engine was analysed. Five different routes included were for testing the match performance, the speed was varied at four levels from minimum to maximum, the load on the vehicle was varied at 6 levels from no load to full load. All the observations were superimposed on the respective compressor map and the match performance was analysed and the best match was suggested.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jul 2020 14:40:49 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1680562</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Numerical investigation and optimization of shape and design parameters of lift rod of helicopter</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1680560</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The technological advantages lead to design the components and systems of great extent. The functional components and their dimensions are to be designed well for ensuring safe and reliable operations. The lift rod of helicopter is considered here for optimization. The failure mode analysis results show that the lift rod fails often and found to have less life period because of some complex force system that is encountered while landing, take-off and continuation of flight. Initially the existing design parameters and cross sections were considered as it is for observation. Based on the observation, the cross section was optimized to some extent. Then the design parameters are increased to 3 levels. The lift rod is analysed again with modified parameters. Finally, both the dimensions and shape are optimized to achieve a good design with desirable characteristics.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jul 2020 14:40:49 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1680560</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Design of noise testing system for airborne electromechanical equipment</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1680551</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Noise test system model of current mechanical and electrical equipment is backward, which is easy to cause low test precision and long time-consuming problems. The afterward noise reduction work cannot be carried out smoothly. For this reason, a new noise test system for airborne electromechanical equipment is designed. The system is based on FPGA and MCU, including the system of power supply, speed sensor, noise sensor and so on. According to the noise measurement algorithm formulated by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), the calculation of frequency and time weights in noise measurement is digitized. The digital processing algorithm of 1/3 octave spectrum analysis is combined to realize the noise test of airborne electromechanical equipment. The experimental results show that the designed system has strong anti-interference, high accuracy of noise testing, fast testing speed and conducive to the implementation of noise reduction work in the later period.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jul 2020 14:40:49 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1680551</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Effect of process parameters for wirecut electric discharge machining of cladded SS304</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683434</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The usage of cladded materials is grown in automobile industry. However, cutting of cladded material is considered as a challenging task because of its heterogeneous nature, therefore it is often subjected to thermal cutting like plasma arc cutting or gas cutting process. Wirecut Electric Discharge Machining (WEDM) is a competent alternate for good surface finish but this process offers relatively low level of cutting. The objective of this work is to identify the optimal values of WEDM process parameters such as pulse on time, table feed and working time and then study their effects on the surface roughness and Kerf width.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jul 2020 14:40:47 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683434</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Intelligent control method for flanking flight of unmanned aerial vehicles</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683426</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The angle control during the flight of UAV is the most important factor which affects its stability and safety. Since the traditional PID control method is difficult to automatically adjust the control parameters, a particle swarm optimization algorithm based on traditional PID control (PSO-PID), is proposed to construct a mathematical model of the flanking flight of the UAV. Based on the full analysis of the PID control principle, the UAV’s flanking flight controller based on PID control is constructed. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is introduced to optimize the PID parameters. The simulation model is built in MATLAB to investigate the position and altitude angle change of the UAV’s flank and compare it with the traditional PID control method. The experimental results show that the PSO-PID control strategy has a good control effect, which enables UAV’s flanking flight to reach the specified position more quickly and accurately than traditional PID controller alone.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jul 2020 14:40:47 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683426</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Vibration and noise control technology for high-speed railway</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683424</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The operation of high-speed railway will cause environmental noise and vibration problems, which will directly affect the sustainable development of railway station's comprehensive development. In solving this problem, the traditional method generally considers the three aspects of sound source, vibration source and propagation path, but often fail to achieve satisfactory control effect. This paper presents a high-speed railway vibration and noise control technology based on linear feedback matching filter. Firstly, the propagation path model of noise in high-speed railway station is constructed and the noise signal is separated. At the same time, linear feedback matching filter technique is used to make in-phase addition to the propagating sound. The linear feedback filter is designed by combining the binary wavelet technique to suppress the noise and vibration. The results show that the proposed technique overcomes the weakness of conventional control model and the noise vibration control is smoother than that of the traditional method.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 19 Jun 2020 14:13:05 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683424</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Optimization of suspension system using particle swarm optimisation and genetic algorithm</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1680549</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Advancements in science and technology have made the vehicle driving stability and ride comfort being the hot topic of current research. This paper details the combination of the particle swarm optimization algorithm and genetic algorithm, to optimize the multi-link suspension system. The hybrid algorithm was implemented using MATLAB. Simulation experiment on the dynamic vehicle model of the vehicle suspension system is optimized. Results show that the vehicle ride comfort has been greatly improved.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Apr 2020 12:25:01 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1680549</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Investigation of Papaya seed methyl ester blended diesel for emission reduction in direct injection engines</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683431</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The diesel engines are emitting toxic gases which affect the greenhouse gases. In this research, the methyl esters were extracted from waste papaya seed oil using transesterification process. The Direct Injection Kirloskar diesel engine at constant speed of 1500 rpm and compression ratio of 17.5:1 was used to test the fuel. The injection nozzle holes were varied from 3 to 4 holes. The emissions were recorded using AVL gas analyser. The 20% blend with 4-hole nozzle shows reduction in NOx, CO and CO2 emissions at full load. The performance is increased for 30% blend at full load.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Apr 2020 12:24:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683431</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Heat transfer amplification through special tube inserts and metallic nanofluids in heat exchanger</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683430</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The heat transfer amplification is highly desired in aerospace and IC engine driven vehicles. Such amplification is achieved by active and passive methods. This research focuses the passive method of a specially designed tube insert. The objective of the study is to increase the heat transfer rate in the tube side of the heat exchanger with such special insert which creates the turbulence flow. Usually water is employed as heat transfer fluid. This investigation included the suspensions of metallic particles like alumina and copper oxides to the plain water with neglected pumping loss. The alumina based nanofluid outperforms and supported well for all the considered flow cases.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Apr 2020 12:24:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1683430</guid>
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