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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
      <url>https://trid.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle.jpg</url>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>COASTAL ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION IN JAPAN</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/166465</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The selected findings of the four Americans who participated in ASCE's recent U.S.-Japan exchange of eminent engineers with specialties in underwater structures are outlined. Particularly in coastal engineering, Americans can learn from the Japanese.  Like the United States, Japan is an economically and technologically complex advanced industrial nation, and it too is seeking to accommodate social and environmental considerations in its engineering and construction works studied by the American visitors in Japan.  They are:  the recently completed Kahima port-industrial area, the Mitsubishi floating petroleum storage system (now being designed for a site in the Goto Islands west of Kyushu), and the Honshu-Shikoku Bridge Project, which is now under construction.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 May 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/166465</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CASE HISTORIES OF HARBOR DEVELOPMENTS IN WEAK SOILS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/161179</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The development of marine shipping terminals at sites underlain by weak and compressible soils requires consideration of the seismic stability of marginal wharves, and the large magnitude of settlements which occur when fill is placed.  The Pier J facility in Long Beach was developed by placing hydraulic fill in lifts with each lift being retained by a rock dike.  The Army Street Terminal in San Francisco was developed by excavating bay mud around its perimeter to permit the placing of a sand dike keyed into firm underlying soils.  The LASH Terminal in San Francisco was constructed in an area where the bay mud spoil from the Army Street Terminal had been placed and subsequently covered with debris fill.  The performance of these facilities has been satisfactory even though they are located in areas of weak and compressible soils.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 19 Jan 1981 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/161179</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>STEADY AND OSCILLATING DRIFT FORCES ON FLOATING OBJECTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/154805</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Wave drift force on a moored floating object is analyzed. Both the steady and oscillating components of the drift force are studied.  A comprehensive literature review is presented.  Data collected from various sources on the drift forces are presented in nondimensional form.  The correlation among these results suggests that the drift force is highly dependent on the shape of the floating object.  Limited data on drift forces are recorded in a wave tank test with a single point mooring system.  Data are correlated between the measured and calculated values.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Nov 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/154805</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>THE BERTHING OF A SHIP TO A JETTY</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/154809</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A mathematical model has been developed that describes the behavior of a ship berthing to a jetty (or similar facility) and predicts the fender loads.  Use is made of the so-called "impulse response function" technique that has as the restriction that the ship-fluid system is supposed to be linear and time invariant.  This approach enables the inclusion of external forces of arbitrary nature. Maintaining all essential features it produces results of sufficient accuracy for practical applications.  The mathematical model is applied to the case of a schematized ship that, on calm shallow water with relatively large horizontal dimensions, berths--at zero forward speed-- to an open jetty-type berthing structure equipped with one undamped (non-) linear fender without mass of its own.  For verification experiments were carried out on a (small) scale model.  The calculated results show a good agreement with values obtained from the experiments.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Oct 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/154809</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DRAG OF YAWED PILE GROUPS AT LOW REYNOLDS NUMBERS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/154804</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The hydrodynamic drag on square arrays of model cylindrical piles in the Reynolds number range of 250 to 750 is shown to be a function of the angle of yaw of the incident flow and is also related to a parameter termed the normalized projected area.  The drag coefficient of a pile group increases as the number of piles is reduced and as the pile spacing is increased and may be greater than the measured single-pile value of 0.94 in the velocity gradient flow. The data suggest that the replacement of a structure consisting of a large number of small-diameter piles by an equivalent group of fewer larger diameter piles will reduce disturbance of the flow field and thus reduce siltation and ship-mooring forces.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Oct 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/154804</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>NEW GRAVING DRY DOCK AT TAMPA, FLORIDA</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/153686</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A graving dry dock, 900 ft (280 m) long by 150 ft (46 m) wide by 26 ft (8 m) deep, has recently been completed in Tampa, Fla., in which hydrostatic uplift pressures are semirelieved by a plastic pipe system embedded in the bottom slab and a deeply driven perimeter wall of steel sheetpiling.  Welded steel studs transfer shear from the concrete to the piling so that the piling also serves as tension reinforcement for cantilever wall action of the side walls and end-wall of the dock.  The construction method used an inner row of sheetpiling, about 25 ft (8 m) from each outer row.  Temporary bracing allowed excavation between the two rows so that the edge section of the slab and the wall could be poured.  These elements then acted as a retaining wall for the remainder of the excavation.  A 300-ton (270,000 kg) steel hinge-type dry dock gate was fabricated elsewhere and set in place in one piece.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Jun 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/153686</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>WHARF DESIGN IN THE PHILIPPINES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/148173</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The development projects at the Philippine ports of Cagayan de Oro and General Santos are described in outline. Thereafter the paper concentrates on the structural design adopted for the quays.  The design encompasses most aspects of marginal quay structures including the rehabilitation of existing structures.  The design procedures are described and the applications of structural analysis to the problems peculiar to quay structures are examined.  The inter-relation of the design processes, the specifications and construction methods are considered as are such aspects as the program and resources planning for the design stage.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 31 Mar 1980 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/148173</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>NONLINEAR INERTIA FORCES ON BODIES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/146018</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The theoretical influence of convective acceleration terms on the inertia force on a body is considered.  The assumptions involved in using the inertia force are reviewed and an expression is derived for the inertia force acting on a body subjected to an unsteady and nonuniform flow of an inviscid fluid.  Applications to a submerged sphere and to horizontal and vertical cylinders in waves are considered and differences between alternative predictions of the nonlinear inertia forces are compared.  It is reassuring to find that the predicted forces are generally less than those calculated when convective acceleration terms are neglected.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 07 Nov 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/146018</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DESIGN CRITERIA FOR FLOATING TIRE BREAKWATERS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/91563</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Wave-transmission and peak-mooring force design curves were generated for the Goodyear and Wave-Guard floating tire breakwaters from measurements on 1-scale and 2-scale models using regular and irregular waves, and found to be in good agreement with available full-scale data.  These curves may be used to determine the breakwater size needed to attenuate a given regular design wave to an acceptable level, and also to determine the maximum mooring load associated with this. A simple semi-empirical energy-dissipation model was developed and found to simulate measured wave-transmission characteristics with sufficient precision to be useful in many engineering applications; e.g., the ratio of transmitted to incident wave height is stated as an exponential function of wave steepness, ratio of wavelength to breakwater-beam-size, breakwater porosity, and a drag coefficient.  An empirical relationship for the peak mooring force was obtained.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Aug 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/91563</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TIRE MODULE SYSTEMS IN SHORE AND HARBOR PROTECTION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/85113</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Experiment testing has indicated the potential value of using discarded tires as a construction material for low cost shore and harbor protection.  The modular assembly methods and use of available connecting materials are examined for an 18-tire module.  Engineering design parameters, material cost, and field tests for both floating tire breakwaters and tire revetments are summarized. Floating tire breakwaters are described and have provided wave attenuation in marinas and small harbors in both salt and freshwater.  Descriptions of two tire revetment test sites on the Great Lakes are presented.  Limited monitoring efforts have shown that the concept of tire revetment mats seem to hold promise as a low cost approach to certain shore erosion problems.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Feb 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/85113</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DIFFRACTION OF WAVES BY A WEDGE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/74211</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The problem of wave propagation past a vertical wedge has been examined with the intent of generalizing previous solutions and finding useful asymptotic results. Reflection, diffraction, and the subsequent refraction of the incident, reflected, and diffracted waves have been included in the analysis and convenient asymptotic solutions were obtained.  Significant effects due to reflection and diffraction were demonstrated and shown to be strongly dependent on wedge angle.  The solutions obtained can be readily incorporated into present computer refraction programs so as to describe the propagation of waves past a wedge more generally than is presently possible.  The geometrical theory of diffraction used here can also be applied to bodies of any shape so as to describe combined diffraction-refraction effects.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 19 Aug 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/74211</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DYNAMIC RESPONSES OF FLOATING STRUCTURES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/74212</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Theoretical and experimental studies were conducted to investigate wave loadings on, and structural responses of, floating platforms.  Strip theory is applied to calculate wave forces on the structure.  The wave forces, the interaction between waves and the structure, and the resulting inertia forces are then applied to the structure, as external forces, to calculate member stresses.  The structure is treated as a space frame for stress calculations.  Typical characteristics of dynamic stresses resulting from wave loading are considered.  A wave tank model test program was conducted to collect strain data. The model test program, measurements, and correlation of measured data with theoretical calculations are considered. Satisfactory agreement was found between theoretical stress calculation and measured data.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 19 Aug 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/74212</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>CHANNEL EROSION IN SOUTHWESTERN LOUISIANA CANAL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/73853</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Geomorphic process active in the man-made Southwestern Louisiana Canal are studied with the aid of color infrared and multiband imagery aerial photography and various field analysis techniques.  The enlargement and shoaling of the canal is investigated to determine their causes, and to quantify the rates of erosion and deposition in a man-made structure of historicaly known dimensions in the bidirectional tidal flow regions of an estuarine environment.  /ASCE/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 29 Jul 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/73853</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SAFETY OF DIKES AGAINST STORM TIDES AND WAVE RUNUP</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/73367</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The safety of sea dikes against storm tides is related to the geometric and storm parameters.  The parameters are the rising storm tide levels, wave runup, over-topping by waves, repair of damages in the period between storm tides, dimensions of the dike, construction and maintenance features, and costs of the various types of dikes.  The analysis shows that the safety of dikes has been continuously increased since 1800 and that the most economical form of a new dike is the dike without foreland.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 14 Jun 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/73367</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>DRAG AND INERTIA FORCES ON A CYLINDER IN PERIODIC FLOW</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/59987</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Experimental results for the drag and added mass coefficients for a smooth circular cylinder in oscillatory flow are presented.  The test results are correlated with the Reynolds number with the ratio of the amplitude of the motion to cylinder diameter as a parameter.  The low Reynolds number results of Keulegan and Carpenter are replotted in this same format and together with the present high Reynolds number results give a fairly complete picture of the variation of the drag and added mass coefficients with Reynolds number for fixed values of the relative amplitude parameter. The results show that generally both the added mass and drag coefficients are highly dependent on the Reynolds number as well as the relative amplitude parameter.  Above a Reynolds number of about 2 x 10 to the fifth power the two coefficients become essentially independent of the Reynolds number. /Author/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 07 Mar 1978 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/59987</guid>
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