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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>HUMAN FACTORS IN THE DESIGN AND OPERATION OF ADVANCED TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT CENTERS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/452067</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In order to maximize the efficiency of Traffic Management Center (TMC) operators and minimize human error rates, the TMC must be designed to mesh with the important human factors of the operators. To help meet this need, a broad, interdisciplinary research program is exploring the role of computers and humans in ITS-class traffic management systems. This program, entitled "Human Factors in ATMS Design Evolution", is sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration and is being conducted by the Georgia Institute of Technology. This paper describes the components of this research program and summarizes the results obtained thus far.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/452067</guid>
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      <title>HUMAN FACTORS DESIGN OF AUTOMATED HIGHWAY SYSTEMS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/452068</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this paper, the authors report on work in progress for the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) investigating human factors aspects of the design of automated highways via contract to Honeywell Inc. The objective of the program is to provide human factors input during the conceptual stages of AHS development to (1) affect its design and implementation, and (2) lay the foundation for future advancement of the AHS. An overview of program tasks is shown. The major program products will be the results of experimental investigations of human factors issues and a handbook for designers of the AHS, providing guidelines and lessons learned in the area of human factors considerations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/452068</guid>
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      <title>RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SENSORY MODE SELECTION FOR ATIS DISPLAYS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/452069</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Correctly choosing the sensory modality (auditory, visual, or occasionally perhaps tactile) or combination of sensory modalities to use in ATIS in-vehicle displays is one of the most critical system design decisions. Selection of an inappropriate mode can lead to potentially unsafe circumstances, a system that is difficult to use, driver annoyance and lack of acceptance. In order to make appropriate sensory mode decisions, designers must consider the user, the system, and the environment in which the system will be used. The following paragraphs discuss research that is relevant to determining the advantages and disadvantages of using different sensory modes for different ATIS applications.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/452069</guid>
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      <title>DRIVER REACTIONS TO UNRELIABLE TRAFFIC INFORMATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/452070</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Currently, there are little empirical data to guide the highway engineer concerning what level of accuracy is needed to gain driver acceptance and trust. In some domains, a single bad experience is enough to prevent people from using a service or machine again. For example, few people continue to put coins into a defective vending machine. Traffic information systems must be sufficiently reliable so that motorists continue to accept and use the systems. The goal of this research is to acquire data that the highway engineer can use to select a level of information reliability that will maintain the driver's acceptance and use of route guidance information.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/452070</guid>
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      <title>ADVANCED TRAVELER INFORMATION SYSTEMS (ATIS). HUMAN FACTORS STAFF RESEARCH AT THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/452071</link>
      <description><![CDATA[ATIS route guidance systems have the potential of providing a tremendous convenience to the driving public. In order to ensure that these systems are both usable and safe, research must be conducted to determine the optimal means of formatting route guidance information and presenting it to drivers who have a wide range of perceptual, cognitive, and physical abilities. Important considerations include: (1) How much information can be presented without overloading the driver and possibly compromising the safety of the driving task? (2) To what extent does turn-by-turn route guidance information facilitate navigation for older drivers and drivers with poor navigation skills? (3) What type of information presentation best facilitates driver reaction times and decision-making? (4) Where should the information be presented (e.g., dashboard versus head-up display)?]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/452071</guid>
    </item>
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      <title>HUMAN FACTORS EVALUATIONS IN OPERATIONAL FIELD TESTS OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/452072</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The primary purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of a user-centered approach to help ensure public acceptance and therefore successful deployment of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The paper begins with a general overview of important concepts. First, an overview of the discipline and characteristics of "Human Factors" is provided. Then, a brief definition of ITS is followed by a focused discussion of ITS operational field tests and a survey of the user service areas they are testing. Three examples of ITS operational field tests are then described. Another purpose of this paper is to dispel a common stereotype that "evaluation" is one of the last phases before fielding a system. Using the example field tests, the paper discusses the steps required to plan an evaluation and some of the user-centered methods employed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/452072</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ADVANCED TRAVELER INFORMATION SYSTEMS (ATIS) HUMAN FACTORS DESIGN GUIDELINES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/452073</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) are currently being produced for limited market penetration (e.g., as an option on a rental vehicle) and as part of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) operational tests. ATIS will provide travelers with information required for effective travel planning, navigation, route guidance, and congestion and incident avoidance. Given the wide range of potential ATIS users and applications, it is necessary that the interface between the system and the traveler be easy and safe to use. Introduction of ATIS will lead to decreases in travel time, and congestion. The systems should also improve driving safety or at a minimum not degrade safety relative to driving without ATIS. This paper discusses completed and on-going efforts in the development of human factors design guidelines for ATIS.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/452073</guid>
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      <title>CONSIDERATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HUMAN FACTORS ATMS HANDBOOK</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/452074</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Human factors in Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS) is a major element in FHWA's Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) program. Currently, a project led by Georgia Tech Research Institute is developing human factors design tools to assist new and evolving, Traffic Management Centers (TMCs). Major components of the human factors ATMS project include a top down, systems engineering analysis for an idealized traffic management system, a comparable systems analysis of similar control rooms, the development of a TMC simulator specifically for human factors research in TMC issues, and the performance of that research using the simulator which is in progress. Finally, a human factors handbook for ATMS design is being prepared to support TMC design.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/452074</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>PRESENTING TESTIMONY IN LAYPERSON TERMS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/452075</link>
      <description><![CDATA[It is very important to use terms that are clearly understandable to your attorney, as well as judges and juries. The testimony you offer must be easily comprehended by everyone involved. This will aid in assuring that your credibility as an expert witness is established and enhanced. The same is true when using figures or complex formulas used to support your conclusions and testimony.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/452075</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>COMMUNICATING YOUR OPINIONS AT TRIAL</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/452076</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The author provides an outline of important elements when testifying as an expert witness. The three main areas are: Demeanor (appearance, body language, attitude); Understanding Your Assignment (ultimate goal is your "opinion", what you were asked to do, how you accomplished your assignment, what opinions you have formed, factual basis for your opinions, your qualifications for holding your opinions); and Testifying.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/452076</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>SOME DO'S AND DONT'S OF BEING AN EXPERT WITNESS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/452077</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Serving as an expert witness can be a challenging professional activity. The author provides a brief check list that is intended to summarize some of the major considerations which are fundamental if one is to adequately serve the client.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/452077</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>PREPARING YOURSELF TO BE AN EXPERT WITNESS. EXPERTS, CONTRACTS, FEES AND COLLECTIONS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/452078</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This outline lists detailed areas under the following topics: Experts, Contracts, Fees, and Collections.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/452078</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>INNOVATIONS IN UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/452079</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The primary objective of this paper is to report the findings of a survey conducted by the ITE Transportation Educator's Council to determine the extent to which advanced technologies, applications, and software are being integrated into the undergraduate Civil Engineering curriculum. A secondary objective is to determine the current issues regarding broad curriculum and accreditation matters affecting transportation engineering education.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/452079</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR PROFESSIONAL REGISTRATION</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/452080</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The twin themes of education and professional development are prominent in Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) documents. For example, the introduction to the ITE Directory describes the organization as a "scientific and educational association." The introduction goes further to state that one of the two main purposes of ITE is "... to promote the professional development of its members by supporting and encouraging education..." A second example is ITE Policy Nol P-7, which encourages continuing education for transportation professionals. Another example may be found in Section 17 of the Cannon of Ethics for Members, "The member will endeavor to provide opportunity for the professional development and advancement of professionals in the member's employ or under the member's supervision." This paper examines a national issue of growing importance, the trend toward requiring professional development as a condition for professional engineering (PE) registration.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/452080</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>A CORE CURRICULUM FOR TRAFFIC OPERATIONS PROFESSIONALS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/452081</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This paper reports on a 1994 study commissioned by the National Highway Institute the goals of which were to: (1) Identify knowledge areas required of entry-level traffic operations professionals serving local and state governments, (2) Define a modular education and training program to build the knowledge areas typically lacking in the pool of potential candidates for such positions, and (3) Indicate training priorities for the National Highway Institute and others.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Nov 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/452081</guid>
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