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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>Robust Roadside Perception: An Automated Data Synthesis Pipeline Minimizing Human Annotation</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2591653</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Recently, advancements in vehicle-to-infrastructure communication technologies have elevated the significance of infrastructure-based roadside perception systems for cooperative driving. This paper delves into one of its most pivotal challenges: data insufficiency. The lacking of high-quality labeled roadside sensor data with high diversity leads to low robustness, and low transfer-ability of current roadside perception systems. In this paper, a novel solution is proposed to address this problem that creates synthesized training data using Augmented Reality. A Generative Adversarial Network is then applied to enhance the reality further, that produces a photo-realistic synthesized dataset that is capable of training or fine-tuning a roadside perception detector which is robust to different weather and lighting conditions. The authors' approach was rigorously tested at two key intersections in Michigan, USA: the Mcity intersection and the State St./Ellsworth Rd roundabout. The Mcity intersection is located within the Mcity test field, a controlled testing environment. In contrast, the State St./Ellsworth Rd intersection is a bustling roundabout notorious for its high traffic flow and a significant number of accidents annually. Experimental results demonstrate that detectors trained solely on synthesized data exhibit commendable performance across all conditions. Furthermore, when integrated with labeled data, the synthesized data can notably bolster the performance of pre-existing detectors, especially in adverse conditions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Oct 2025 16:53:57 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Perception vs. reality: The aviation noise complaint effect on home prices</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1878861</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Intercity air transportation has grown rapidly in recent decades and creates significant noise pollution that affects health. Previous research quantifies the losses that are capitalized into home values. Much research relies heavily on spatially restrictive noise contour plots to identify the house price discounts and determine economic damages. The authors break new ground by investigating whether residential noise complaints can offer insights on aircraft noise pollution and housing price impacts experienced by residents near Minneapolis-Saint-Paul International Airport outside of contour boundaries. The authors' findings indicate noise complaints are a reliable measure of residential noise annoyance and have a significant adverse effect on home prices extending nearly twice as far (10 km) as contours. Reevaluating economic damages based on the authors' results indicates contour-based calculations severely underestimate aircraft-noise-pollution-induced losses incurred by homeowners and suggests $154 million of $167 million in post-abatement damages are borne by residents located outside the regulated Minneapolis contour area.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Sep 2021 09:30:30 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1878861</guid>
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      <title>The effect of a functional prototype on user acceptance in transportation: Assessing the level of acceptance before and after the first demonstration flight of an air taxi</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1872900</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Prototypes support the development of new technology by enabling to collect user feedback before full market readiness is achieved. However, this potential is often not fully exploited as physical prototypes are mainly used at more mature levels of technology development, after demonstrating full functionality. Using physical prototypes that are not fully functional at an early stage of technology maturity could lead to lower resource consumption as customer feedback could be incorporated faster and acceptance could be established. However, previous research has indicated differences in consumer attitudes toward technologies before and after users have experienced prototypes first-hand. Therefore, this paper investigates whether experiencing a functional physical prototype at an early stage of technology maturity affects consumer perception. For this purpose, the authors utilized the first flight of an air taxi in Europe since the authors were certain that the technology had not been seen in action or used before. The authors conducted two studies: Study 1, with 126 potential users in a within-subject design, and Study 2, with 539 potential users in a between-subject design. The authors did not detect significant effects on the participants’ attitudes before and after watching an air taxi flight in person in either study. Overall, the data suggests that a live demonstration of a technology is not necessary to gain a comprehensive picture of peoples’ attitudes toward it, which creates the possibility of examining the effects of more inexpensive technologies, such as virtual and augmented reality simulators in mobility research.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Sep 2021 11:30:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1872900</guid>
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      <title>Perception creates reality : factors influencing the driver's perception and consequent understanding of Driving Automation System</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1876001</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The automotive industry is rapidly developing driving automation systems (DAS) with the aim of supporting drivers through automation of longitudinal and lateral vehicle control. As vehicle complexity increases, drivers’ understanding of their responsibility and their vehicles’ capabilities and limitations becomes significantly more important. In order to motivate manufacturers to adopt a human-centric perspective for the development of driving automation systems, the factors influencing the driver’s perception during usage of such systems have to be understood. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to contribute to the understanding of factors influencing user perception and understanding of driving automation systems in order to guide future design decisions from a human-centric perspective. The research for this thesis is organised into three empirical studies, embedding a mixed-methods research design. Study 1 aimed at investigating usage of DAS during different driving situations by facilitating an online survey. Studies 2 and 3 aimed to explore how drivers motivate their usage of driving automation systems, and which factors affect their understanding. Study 2 adopted an Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods approach, consisting of a Naturalistic Driving Study and in-depth interviews to elicit knowledge about how users understand the DAS, and which factors influence usage. In Study 3 observations and interviews during an on-road driving session with a Wizard-of-Oz vehicle were conducted to gain insights into how users build an understanding of a vehicle with multiple levels of automation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 01 Sep 2021 14:26:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1876001</guid>
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      <title>Freedom under control: control within the road haulage industry</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1097494</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This dissertation, based on two studies, examines the significance of formal control, i.e. the actors and agencies whose formal task involves the use of a range of measures to exercise control within the road haulage industry. First and foremost it examines the question of why formal control has low legitimacy among the groups of individuals who work in and around the haulage sector from the point of view of an occupational perspective. The dissertation proposes five possible interpretations in answer to the question of why formal control is ascribed low legitimacy. First, as an obstacle in a practical reality. This was a recurrent view, and reflects a perception that the haulage industry is subject to a particularly high level of governmental measures and interventions. Second, as impositions on a socially and economically disadvantaged group. Long working days, poor finances and difficult conditions were all a part of life at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, and probably also led to a great deal of frustration among those working in the industry. Third, as a threat to an occupational ideal. It emerged in the analysis of the data that the hauliers' and drivers' occupational identity, together with an occupational ideal of how a haulier and driver should be, were in part constructed in relation to the formal control of the haulage industry. The fourth perspective is related to an occupational ideal and focuses on collisions between masculine hegemonies. The male dominance in both data sets raised the issue of the significance of the relationship between certain occupational hegemonies and other types of hegemony. And finally, the low legitimacy is discussed in relation to its criminogenic effects. Focus in this discussion is on the question of whether formal control creates a propensity to commit crime, something which the interview subjects' answers indicates may be the case. In summary, the low legitimacy of formal control can be linked to the foundations on which this control rests, the way it is formulated, and its consequences. On one level, the issue is one of formal control producing a risk for negative consequences for those working in the industry when it is put into action in the everyday occupational life of the haulage industry. The danger with this might be that the effect of the regulations is lessened and they lead to an increase in the distance between the state and the individual. Perceptions of distance and a lack of understanding between powerful actors and those active in the industry may also involve a risk of producing criminogenic forces (A).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 23 Mar 2011 11:24:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1097494</guid>
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      <title>RESEARCHING THE VIRTUAL WORLD</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/481928</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This article discusses the assessment and use of virtual reality (VR) techniques by several important tunnel construction companies. Surrey University and contractor Mott MacDonald are collaborating on research to link VR with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to calculate three-dimensional movement, and display graphic details. It has been used to evaluate tunnel ventilation systems and observe the progress of heat and smoke in tunnel fires. The new project is investigating how to import geometries from CFD into VR to visualise complex data sets, and how to present complex CFD calculations with realistic VR images. One application is for the Heathrow Express underground link in London where Union Railways used VR to lobby the UK Parliament during its bid for the Channel Tunnel Rail Link. London & Continental, which won the contract, will probably use VR on the project, but that much detailed design work is needed before a VR model is constructed. Virtual Worlds also creates specific VR models, mainly for training in civil engineering.  The Paris Metro has used VR to train its drivers in signal perception, instruct safety teams, and draft rescue procedures.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Apr 1997 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/481928</guid>
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