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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Methods to Identify Needed Highway Safety Improvements in South Dakota</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/2021885</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The South Dakota Department of Transportation (SDDOT) sought to develop a network screening program to proactively identify locations where potential crash frequency can be reduced, and for prioritizing improvements based on maximizing system safety benefits within budget constraints. This program also needs to respond to SDDOT’s challenge of being unable to fully invest its safety funding, and to invest in the most worthwhile manner. In order to respond to these needs, the Research Team conducted several tasks including the review of national and state literature, the evaluation of the existing prioritization process, the identification of roadway and crash data available, and the analysis of alternative methodologies. The findings of these tasks identified the need, among other things, of an improved performance measure for analyzing crashes along segments and intersections. For the data currently available in South Dakota, the Excess Proportion of Specific Crash Type was recommended as the new performance measure. A high crash location analysis was found to be appropriate to address safety prioritization on urban locations, while a high crash location and systematic crash analysis was found to be more appropriate for rural locations. A GIS-based tool called Crash Analysis Tool was developed by the team to aid the application of the proposed methodologies. The main recommendations of the research project are: (1) for urban environments, adopt the excess proportion method as applied in the Crash Analysis Tool as a performance measure for identifying high crash locations, and (2) for rural environments, adopt the excess proportion method as applied in the Crash Analysis Tool for identifying sites with potential for safety improvements, and adopt the systematic method as a means for identifying treatments for programmatic implementation. Additional recommendations related to data needs, funding, and program evaluation are also part of the research project.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Oct 2022 14:13:17 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>A GIS tool for urban road safety analysis</title>
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      <description><![CDATA[Comprehended in IRUMS - "Safer urban roads", a project co-financed by the Foundation for Science and Technology, carried out by the National Laboratory of Civil Engineering and the Department of Civil Engineering of the University of Coimbra, and with the cooperation of the Lisbon Municipality and the Portuguese Police and finished in 2010, it was aimed to develop a procedure for the explicit consideration of safety issues in the decision making process of urban transportation networks and in the allocation of resources for physical network renewal. A new tool was developed proposing to improve the identification of hazardous urban sites and also to create a procedure for selecting efficient infrastructure corrective safety measures. Using the Lisbon road network and five year road accident records, data on road infrastructure characteristics and traffic and land use information were collected and managed by a Geographic Information System, where this new analysis tool is integrated. Aiming to be a full decision making tool, for each analysed site or area it is possible to impute low cost countermeasures that are expected to be possible and effective to implement. To decide about these implementations, a model to define corrective hierarchy measures is being associated to this tool. The paper describes the new tool and the aid-decision model for corrective measures, underlining the main features and constraints to their application. A case-study implementation and what will be necessary to achieve a full decision making tool is presented. Defined crossroads are analysed with this new tool, identifying accident typology and possible road corrective measures assigned to these places.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 20 Sep 2013 16:19:45 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>IMPLEMENTATION OF GIS TO IDENTIFICATION OF BLACK SPOTS ON THE NATIONAL NETWORK</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/465204</link>
      <description><![CDATA[One of the factors that directly influences traffic accidents is the road and its environment. Specialists estimate that 30 percent of all accidents are due to road factors. Investment in road infrastructure is cost consuming, but it is reasonable to invest in "black spots." This is one of the main reasons to use a Geographical Information System and global coordinates. Mapping can be a rich source of information for identification of potentially dangerous places such as water reservoirs or road sections in forests. Sunlight during the day, and freezing during the night cause hazards in the winter. Because of this the General Directorate of Public Roads (GDPR) in Poland decided to conduct a pilot study in the field of GIS location of "black spots" on its main roads.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 09 Jul 1996 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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