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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>FIELD STUDY OF LONGITUDINAL MOVEMENTS IN COMPOSITE BRIDGES</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/451028</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Bridge deck expansion joints often develop serious problems requiring extensive and expensive maintenance.  This has become a nuisance to users and to bridge engineers, and many states have been involved in investigations aiming to alleviate this problem.  Results reported by various states about the behavior of specific joint sealing systems have been contradictory, indicating that the problems may not be inherent to the particular system.  Rather, the problems may stem from a failure to properly assess actual joint movements, inadequate design criteria, improper installation procedures, or other factors such as differences in environmental conditions.  In recognition of these problems, a comprehensive experimental investigation was conducted to obtain thermally induced movements of a newly constructed bridge in central Louisiana.  The instrumentation, field monitoring, and analysis of long-term longitudinal movements are described.  The primary causes of movements obtained were thermal changes.  The bridge experienced unsymmetrical and irreversible movements, and these were attributed to restraints associated with the neoprene-bearing pads at the expansion joints.  The bent movements and the effects of traffic were small compared with the thermal movements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 25 Sep 1995 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BEHAVIOR OF A SIMPLE-SPAN GIRDER BRIDGE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/105626</link>
      <description><![CDATA[THE BEHAVIOR OF A SIMPLE-SPAN, COMPOSITE GIRDER BRIDGE IS PREDICTED BY THE FINITE-DIFFERENCE METHOD AS USED IN THE SOLUTION OF CONTINUOUS ORTHOTROPIC PLATES ON FLEXIBLE SUPPORTS. THIS METHOD INCORPORATES THE USE OF SEVERAL COMPUTER PROGRAMS. SEVERAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE GIRDER STIFFNESSES AND EFFECTS OF THE PARAPETS ARE EXAMINED, AND EQUIVALENT ORTHOTROPIC PLATE PARAMETERS ARE STUDIED. IN ADDITION TO THE ANALYTICAL STUDY, EXHAUSTIVE FIELD TESTS WERE CONDUCTED ON THE BRIDGE. MANY LONGITUDINAL AND TRANSVERSE TRUCK POSITIONS, IN WHICH THE U. S. BUREAU OF PUBLIC ROADS TEST VEHICLE APPLIED THE STATIC LOAD, WERE USED AND THE EFFECTS WERE RECORDED. THE BRIDGE WAS FULLY INSTRUMENTED WITH BOTH STRAIN AND DEFLECTION GAGES. COMPARISONS MADE BETWEEN THE ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL GIRDER STRAINS AND DEFLECTIONS RESULT IN GOOD AGREEMENT. /AUTHOR/]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 1970 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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