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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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      <title>Algebraic Connectivity Maximization for Air Transportation Networks</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1308248</link>
      <description><![CDATA[It is necessary to design a robust air transportation network. An experiment based on the real air transportation network is performed to show that algebraic connectivity is a fair measure for network robustness under random failures. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to maximize algebraic connectivity. Some researchers solve the maximization of the algebraic connectivity by choosing the weights for the edges in the graph. Others focus on the best way to add edges in a network in order to optimize the connectivity. In this paper, the authors formulate a new air transportation network model and show that the corresponding algebraic connectivity optimization problem is interesting because the two subproblems of adding edges and choosing edge weights cannot be treated separately. The new problem is formulated and exactly solved in a small air transportation network case. The authors also propose the approximation algorithm in order to achieve better efficiency. For large networks, the semidefinite programming with cluster decomposition is first presented. Moreover, the algebraic connectivity maximization for directed networks is discussed. Simulations are performed for a small-scale case, large-scale problem, and directed network problem.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 30 May 2014 11:10:36 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Algebraic connectivity maximization of an air transportation network: The flight routes’ addition/deletion problem</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/1291199</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A common metric to measure the robustness of a network is its algebraic connectivity. This paper introduces the flight routes addition/deletion problem and compares three different methods to analyze and optimize the algebraic connectivity of the air transportation network. The Modified Greedy Perturbation algorithm (MGP) provides a local optimum in an efficient iterative manner. The Weighted Tabu Search (WTS) is developed for the flight routes addition/deletion problem to offer a better optimal solution with longer computation time. The relaxed semidefinite programming (SDP) is used to set a performance upper bound and then three rounding techniques are applied to obtain feasible solutions. The simulation results show the trade-off among the Modified Greedy Perturbation, Weighted Tabu Search and relaxed SDP, with which one can decide the appropriate algorithm to adopt for maximizing the algebraic connectivity of the air transportation networks of different sizes. Finally a real air transportation network of Virgin America is investigated.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 26 Mar 2014 10:11:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/1291199</guid>
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      <title>This is Virgin Territory: Despite Record Fuel Prices, the Mood at the Year-Old Carrier Seems Decidedly Upbeat</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/868696</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In this article the author discusses the positive economic outlook of Virgin America after one year of business. The airline has carved its niche in the industry by providing the most recent technology, focusing on providing high-quality and high-value at a low cost. With recent cash-flow from investors, plans are being made to expand both the airplane fleet as well as the number of destination cities. The company stresses that it does not intend to enter a secondary market, contributing much of its success to the fact that it has remained small and invested in ancillary revenue. The article briefly overviews the history of the airline and its struggle to prove that it is controlled primarily by U.S. citizens. Despite a reshuffling of management positions, shareholders and primary creators are pleased with last year’s fiscal results.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Oct 2008 10:04:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/868696</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Virgin America : eleVAtion!</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/845539</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Virgin America plans to bring style back into flying in the United States.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 28 Jan 2008 10:24:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/845539</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Polar opposites</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/844704</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Virgin America and Skybus see strength in contrasting business models as Southwest evolves.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 28 Jan 2008 08:49:47 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/844704</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Virgin American gets thumbs-up from DOT</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/812728</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Jul 2007 10:32:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/812728</guid>
    </item>
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      <title>Virgin America makes case to keep Reid at the controls</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/812218</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: After initially agreeing to remove him.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Jul 2007 09:42:43 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/812218</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Virgin America can meet test for U.S. citizenship, DOT says</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/811850</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: CEO Reid must step down.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Jul 2007 09:09:08 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/811850</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Virgin America : determined to be All-American</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/807834</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Aggressive response to DOT rejection.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 07 May 2007 14:14:39 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/807834</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>DOT ruling says Virgin America is a faux American</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/807561</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Rejects U.S. carrier status.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 07 May 2007 13:44:23 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/807561</guid>
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      <title>Legacies delay Virgin America</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/792366</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Oct 2006 11:27:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/792366</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Final approach</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/779712</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Veteran airline chief Fred Reid talks about Virgin America startup.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 04 Apr 2006 18:12:03 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/779712</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Virgin's veteran</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/779680</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Subtitle: Border-hopping Carty takes over as chairman of two startup airlines.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 04 Apr 2006 18:11:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/779680</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>1. Is Virgin America really American? 2. Will its market concept actually fly?</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/778950</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 04 Apr 2006 17:49:07 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/778950</guid>
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      <title>Virgin's airlines : wise and foolish</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/773668</link>
      <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Jan 2006 15:34:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/773668</guid>
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