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    <title>Transport Research International Documentation (TRID)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>VIBRATION OF PAVEMENT CONCRETE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/48883</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The effects of spud vibrators mounted on slipform pavers were examined on three paving projects. Slump and entrained air of the plastic concrete were measured and paver speed was deliberately varied. A total of 364 pavement cores were taken at various distances from the vibrators for determination of density, entrapped air content, aggregate distribution, and mesh embedment. Riding quality of the finished pavement was also measured. No aggregate segregation was found, and riding quality was not affected by the vibrators. The only appreciable effect on the reinforcing mesh was a slight increase in depth directly beneath the vibrators. Both density and entrapped air content provided measures of consolidation effected by the vibration applied to the concrete. Slump and air content of the plastic concrete affected pavement density because density of water and air is less than that of the other mix materials. However they had no appreciable effect on entrapped air content. Paver speed had some effects on density and entrapped air content, but these were small within a range of paver speeds up to 19 fpm. Vibrator frequency ranged from 7,000 to 11,000 vpm on the three projects, but no substantial differences in consolidation could be attributed to these differences. The greatest effects on density and entrapped air were related to distance of the concrete from the vibrator. The top of the pavement was consolidated better than the bottom, and substantial decreases in consolidation occurred only a few inches from vibrators.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Jun 2003 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>ALTERNATE METHODS OF AVALANCHE CONTROL. PHASE IV</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/88601</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Alternate Methods of Avalanche Control project has been funded by the Washington State Highway Commission since August 1974 in order to develop simple, reliable and repeatable methods of triggering avalanche release which are free from the storage, handling and availability problems of explosives and artillery shells and which can readily be applied to avalanche paths typical of the many smaller ones causing frequent hazards for highways. The research involved tests in both Washington and Colorado to permit evaluation of the control methods in diverse climates and snow conditions, leading to more generally applicable results than could be obtained at a single site. The technical and scientific aspects of the work in Colorado were coordinated by the San Juan Avalanche Project of the University of Colorado. Field work in Washington state and the general supervision of the program and the engineering design were carried out by the University of Washington Geophysics Program. The U.S. Forest Service at Alta, Utah, also joined in a cooperative test of our methods and equipment. This final report describes the 1977/78 tests and summarizes the results of the entire project.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Jul 1979 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>NONDESTRUCTIVE VIBRATORY TESTING OF AIRPORT PAVEMENTS. VOLUME I. EXPERIMENTAL TEST RESULTS AND DEVELOPMENT OF EVALUATION METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURE</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/30047</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Conventional direct sampling methods of airport pavement evaluation interfere with aircraft operations; therefore, an evaluation procedure based on nondestructive vibratory testing was developed. The procedure considers the parameters of pavement thickness and strength, soil strength, landing gear characteristics, and load repetition through correlation of FAA direct sampling procedures with the nondestructive data from termed the dynamic stiffness modulus, which is calculated from a vibratory load-deflection graph. The results indicated the need for standardized vibratory testing equipment, and specifications for a suggested model were written. Evaluation procedures were developed for rigid and flexible pavements which consider the environmental factors of temperature and frost-thaw action, the importance of test locations and quantities, and stabilized layers. Appendix A presents results of two correlations: (a) elastic deflection and pavement performance and (b) dynamic E-modulus and CBR. Appendix B presents the nondestructive testing and performance results on U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station test sections and the effects of bound pavement thickness on the nondestructive test results in an attempt to develop overlay design. Appendix C gives procurement specifications for recommended nondestructive test equipment. (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Dec 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/30047</guid>
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      <title>VIBRATORY COMPACTION OF BITUMINOUS CONCRETE PAVEMENTS</title>
      <link>https://trid.trb.org/View/62231</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of vibratory rollers in the compaction of hot-mix asphaltic concrete and rubberized-tar concrete to satisfy the needs of the Air Force. The study consisted of over-laying an existing heavy gear load test section at the U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, which consisted of rigid and flexible pavements, with asphaltic concrete and rubberized-tar concrete pavements. The overlay pavements were compacted with two selected vibratory rollers, a Buffalo-Bomag BW210-A and a Dynapac CC-50A. A conventional steel-wheeled static roller and a pneumatic-tired static roller were also used for comparison. Variables included in the study were roller weight, frequency and amplitude of vibration, number of roller passes, type of roller (vibratory or static), type of foundation, and type and thickness of overlay pavements. The significant findings from this study are that (a) vibratory rollers of the type used are satisfactory for the compaction of high-quality bituminous concrete pavements, and (b) if properly used, they can provide densities meeting the requirements of the Air Force and the Corps of Engineers. (Author)]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 06 Oct 1976 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://trid.trb.org/View/62231</guid>
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